Science - Universe

supernova

the colossal explosion that occurs when a star dies

meteorite

a mass of stone that has reached the earth from out of space

black hole

what is left after a very large star dies that is so dense that not even light can escape its gravity

quasar

lie near the edge of the observable universe/discovered in 1963/ emit lots of energy/ appear as the bright star-like objects associated with disrupted colliding and merging galaxies

planet

a celestial body that orbits a star which does not produce its own light or heat but relfects it

milky way

the name of our galaxy

nebula

a cloud of gas and dust amongst the stars

galaxy

a collection of stars

star

a celestial body that gives off light and heat

metor

pieces of stone or metal in space

pulsar

a rapidly spinning neutron star that gives off radio waves in space

what is the geocentric model?

geocentric is superseded description of the Universe with Earth at the center.

what is the heliocentric model

heliocentric is superseded astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun

who created the geocentric model

Claudius Ptolemy

who created the heliocentric model

Nicolaus Copernicus

why was the heliocentric model accepted?

The Heliocentric Model was accepted because it better explained the concepts of space with evidence. Additionally, advancements in telescopic observations, particularly those made by Galileo as he discovered evidence to support this theory when he saw that Jupiter had four moon in orbit.

why was the gencentric model debunked

The geocentric model was abandoned because it couldn't explain the observed motion of planets accurately. This backward motion was better explained by the heliocentric model, where planets, including Earth, revolve around the Sun. Additionally, advancements in telescopic observations by astronomers like Galileo provided further evidence supporting the heliocentric model, leading to the eventual acceptance of this more accurate representation of our solar system.

luminosity

measures how much enegry leaves a star in a certain period of time

how to caculate light years

one lightyear =
- the no. of seconds in a year x 300,000km which =
9.4608 x 10 to the power of 12

what factors affects the luminosity of a star?

size

what factors affect the colour of a star

temperature

constellations

a group of stars that form a particular shape or picture

what is the electromagnetic spectrum?

the electromagentic spectrum is the spectrum of electromagnetic radition, a group of waves which visible light belongs to

2 types of radition used is the field of astronomy

visible light and radio waves

what is a light year

the distance that light travels in a year

what discoveries did galilei make with his telescope

- discovered that the moon is not smooth but mountainous and cratered
- juptier has 4 moons orbiting it

how does galilei discovery about jupiter help prove the heliocentric model

- galilei demonstrates that not all celestial bodies orbit earth which challenged the geocentric view

where are stars born

- stellar nebulas

what are rhe 2 possible products at the end of a stars life

black hole

neutron star

what is the big bang theory

the big bang theory is a model that explains the orgin of the universe. it states that the universe began as a extremely hot and dense point then expanded rapidly, still expanding to this day

what is a HR diagram

its a graph that illustrates the relationship that exists between the avwrage surface temperature of a star and theie absolute magnitude

what is absolute magnitude

measures the brightness of a celestial object if it were located at a standard distance of 32.6 light years away

what is apparent magnitude

measures the brightness of a celestial object as observed from earth, it depends of the eart luminosity and disrance from earth

what type of galaxy is the milky way

the milky way is a barred spiral galaxy

where is our galaxy located

our milky way is located in one of those spiral arms called the Orion Arm