Chapter 5
What is the myocardium of the heart?
The middle layer of the heart is termed the myocardium and is made up of cardiomyocytes
What do the coronary arteries supply blood to
Provide blood supply to the myocardium
What does your pulmonary arteries do?
Carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
What does your pulmonary veins do?
Transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atria of the heart.
Systemic circulation
The flow of blood of the body EXCEPT the LUNGS
What is the biggest artery of the body
The aorta
What are the largest veins of the body
The vena cava: the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava
What does an EKG machine do
Records the electrical signals in the heart
P wave
Contraction of the atria
QRS Complex
Contraction of the ventricles
Atria is relaxed while the ventricles contract
T wave
Relaxation of the ventricles
Systolic blood pressure
When ventricle contracts (Systole means contraction)
Diastolic blood pressure
When the ventricle relax ( Diastole means relaxtion)
What does plasma mainly consists of
91% water
9% proteins ( clotting proteins)
Fibrinogen- Clot formation to control bleeding
Serum- Plasma fluid after blood cells and the clotting proteins are removed
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Leukocytes
White blood cells
Thrombocytes
Plateles
What is a cardiologist
A doctor whos an expert in the care of your heart and blood vessels.
What is a hermatologist
Doctor who research diagnose and treat blood related conditions and disease
What is Atherosclerosis
A disease of the arteries that reduces blood supply to the heart.
What causes Atherosclerosis?
Hardening of the arteries caused bya buildup of cholesterol plaque on the walls of the artery.
What is Ischemia
An inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles
What is angina
Severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
What is a myocardial infarction
Another term for heart attack
What is a heart murmur
Abnormal sound heard when listening to the heart. Mostly caused by defective heart valves.
What is Sudden Cardiac death
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is death due to a cardiovascular cause( cadiac arrest) that occurs within one hour of the onset of symptoms.
What is tachycardia
Tachycardia is a fast heartbeat. The heart rate is greater than 100 beats a minute.
What is bradycardia
Bradycardia is a slow heartbeat.
What is ventricular tachycardia
A condition in which the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) beat very quickly.
What is an aneurysm
An excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall.
What is a Thrombus
Blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein
What happens if a thrombus travels to the lungs
If the thrombus travels to the lungs, there is a big chance this will become fatal
What is an Embolism
A sudden blocking of an artery.
What is leukemia
A cancer of blood-forming tissues, hindering the body's ability to fight infection. (also know as blood cancer)
Microcytic anemia
This anemia happens when your red blood cells don't have enough hemoglobin so they're smaller than usual.
Normocytic anemia
In this type of anemia, you have fewer red blood cells than usual, and those red blood cells don't have the normal amount of hemoglobin.
What is vasodilator
When blood vessels get wider, that's vasodilation.
What is a vasoconstrictor
The opposite process, when blood vessels constrict and get narrower, is called vasoconstriction.
Normal heart rate
60-100 BPM