Minerals
What is the function of calcium? (3)
strong bones and teeth
blood clotting
controlled muscle contractions
What is the function of iron?
makes red blood cells
What is the function of sodium?
keeps body's water level balanced
What is the function of fluoride? (2)
prevents tooth decay
keeps bones healthy
What is the function of iodine?
makes the hormone thyroxine which maintains healthy metabolic rate
What is the function of phosphorus? (2)
maintaining bones and teeth
releasing energy from food
What is a source of calcium? (2)
milk
tofu
What is a source of iron? (2)
liver
egg yolk
What is a source of sodium? (2)
cheese
bacon
What is a source of fluoride? (2)
seafood
drinking water
What is a source of iodine? (2)
red meat
seafood
What is a source of phosphorus? (2)
red meat
bread
What is the effect of calcium deficieny? (2)
rickets in children
osteoporosis in adults
What is the effect of iron deficieny?
iron deficiency anaemia
What is the effect of sodium deficieny?
muscle cramps
What is the effect of fluoride deficieny?
tooth decay
What is the effect of iodine deficieny?
swelling of the thyroid gland/a goitre
What is the effect of calcium excess? (2)
stomach pain
diarrhoea
What is the effect of iron excess? (3)
constipation
feeling sick
stomach pain
What is the effect of sodium excess?
high blood pressure which leads to strokes and heart attacks
What is the effect of fluoride excess? (2)
staining on teeth
pits on teeth
What is the effect of iodine excess?
weight gain
What is the effect of phosphorus excess?
lower calcium levels which leads to bones fracturing