sustainable culture
according to UNESCO, it is the set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features of society or a social group, that encompasses not only art and literature but lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, traditions and beliefs
Culture
can support sustainable local development through their economic impacts as cultural industries and their contribution to social and cultural revitalization
cultural asset
offers opportunities for various sectors to participate in activities that contribute to gender equality, self esteem, and social awareness
Culture
TANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE CATEGORY:
Cultural & Natural Heritage
Performance & Celebration
Visual Arts & Crafts
Books & Press
Audio-visual & Interactive Media
Design & Creative Services
Artifacts, monuments, and groups of buildings and site that have symbolic, historic, artistic, aesthetic, ethnological or anthropological, scientific and social significance
Cultural & Natural Heritage
combined natural and human works to express a long and intimate relationship between people and their natural environment
Cultural Landscapes
Geological and physiographical formations and designated areas that constitute the habitat of threatened animal and plant species and sites that have values for science, conservation of natural beauty.
Natural Heritage
all expressions of live cultural events, such as theater, dance, opera and puppetry, festivals, feasts, fairs and musical performances.
Performance and Celebration
Paintings, drawings, sculpture, crafts and photography as well AS art galleries.
Visual Arts
utilitarian, aesthetic, artistic, creative, culturally attached, decorative, functional, traditional, religiously and socially symbolic and significance.
Crafts Or Artisanal Products
Can only be defined as such when a community recognizes it as part of its heritage
INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE
Practices, representations, expressions, knowledge skils, as well as the instruments, objects, artefacts, and cultural spaces associated therewith, that communities, groups and in some cases individuals recognized as part of their cultural heritage
INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE
Domains of Intangible Cultural Heritage
Oral Traditions and Expressions, including Language as a Vehicle of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
Performing Arts
Social Practices, Rituals & Festive Events
Knowledge & Practices Concerning Nature & the Universe
Traditional Craftsmanship
domain 1
Oral Traditions and Expressions, including Language as a Vehicle of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
Domain 2
Performing Arts
Domain 3
Social Practices, Rituals & Festive Events
Domain 4
Knowledge & Practices Concerning Nature & the Universe
Domain 5
Traditional Craftsmanship
TYPES OF IMPACTS
Objective and Perceived
measured with objective data, such as change in crime incidents as reported to the police.
Objective
refers to the general perceived satisfaction with well-being of individuals and societies.
Quality of life (qol)
is residents’ evaluation of their quality of life because of tourism.
Perceived
Positive Impacts of Tourism on Culture & Society:
Emotional Well-Being
Cultural Preservation
Education
Better Quality of Life
Empowerment
NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON CULTURE & SOCIETY:
Stunted Cultural Development
Commodification of Culture
Moral Decadence
Social Divisions
Displacement
Community Stress
Dependence
happens when locals get to imitate foreign tourists’ behavior simply by observing
Demonstration Effect
another effect of mass tourism, occurs because of lack of cultural orientation of tourists
Trivialization
Loss of authenticity and cultural bastardization
Stunted Cultural Development
process where cultural elements are presented for the mass consumption of tourists
Commodification or Commercialization
When tourism growth is not supported by sound planning and management, loss of resident identity and local culture could occur
Commodification of Culture
Presence of outsiders has been linked to increased incidence of prostitution, crime, drug abuse, and alcoholism.
Moral Decadence
The outcome is stronger polarization among the social class
Social Divisions
Migrants to tourist destinations are target of ill feelings by residents because the take away jobs from locals
Social Divisions
Beaches are supposed to be public domains or commons, some resort owners appropriate the beachfront to themselves
Displacement
Outside investors buy prime property from the locals: locals, sometimes have to relocate because they sold their land to investors
Displacement
Communities throughout the Third World tend to rely tours for income generating and development, which creates cyclical dependency on foreign cash flow and mobilization
Dependence
Many tour operators fund humanitarian projects and schools as part of their corporate social responsibility, however Hein noted that this practice has negative consequences
Dependence