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OPTA 222 (Cerebral Palsy)

What is C.P

A group of motor disorders and maintain balance and posture. Can involve cognition.
- Loss or impairment of motor function: Affects control of movement and posture

- Often also has perceptual and learning difficulties but NOT always

- Non progressive

What causes C.P.?

Developmental defects of the brain often before, during the birth process or shortly after birth
- Can be due to a lack of oxygen or nutrients to the brain during birth process or shortly after

- Prematurity

- Serious infection that impacts brain such as meningitis (what are some others?)

- Placenta issues

- Brain injury

Signs and Symptoms

- Delayed growth milestones
- High or low muscle tone

- Weakness or stiffness

- Abnormal reflexes

- Learning disability

- Poor balance

- Poor motor skills

Diagnosis

No single test
Will look at:

- Blood tests

- EEG (electroencephalography)

- EMG (electromyography)

- APGAR score

- Review of birth

- Neuroimaging of brain

Treatment

-Minimize pain: Botox,Exercise
Encourage social interactions

Optimize learning

Maximize mobility

Enhance quality of life

Body Part Quadriplegia

This type affects all four limbs — both arms and both legs. A person’s torso, facial, and oral muscles are often affected, too.

Body Part: Triplegia

This type affects three limbs — one arm and both legs. A person’s torso, facial, and oral muscles may be affected, too.

Body Part: Diplegia

This type affects both legs. A person’s arms may be affected to a lesser extent.

Body Part: Hemiplegia

This type affects one side of the body. People can either have right-side hemiplegia (affecting their right arm and leg), or left-side hemiplegia (affecting their left arm and leg). Approximately 40% of people with cerebral palsy have hemiplegia.

Body Part: Monoplegia

This type affects only one limb.

Brain Injury: Spastic

-Spastic cerebral palsy is the most common form, affecting up to 80% of people with CP.
-This type causes muscles to appear stiff and tight.

-This the result of damage to the motor cortex.

Brain Injury: Dyskinetic

-Dyskinetic cerebral palsy — also known as athetoid cerebral palsy — occurs in 6% of people with CP.
-This type is characterized by involuntary movements.

-This is the result of damage to the basal ganglia.

Brain injury: Ataxic

-Ataxic cerebral palsy occurs in 6% of people with CP.
-This type is characterized by shaky movements and affects a person’s balance and sense of positioning in space.

-This is the result of damage to the cerebellum.

Brain Injury: Mixed

means that someone’s brain is injured in more than one location and they will experience symptoms from multiple types of CP.mixed-cp-icon

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