Science (3rd test)
a celestial body orbiting around the sun along an elongated Path
Comet
or Planetoids ore chunks of rocks orbiting the sun in the same direction as planets
Asteroids
small chunks of rack and debris in space
Meteoroids
is an area found beyond the orbit of Neptune that extends to about 30 to 100 AU
The Kuiper Belt
extends to about 50000 AU away from The sun. This region is believed to contain a trillion comets
Oort Cloud
the largest observed asteroid, Which was also the first to be discovered
Ceres
the typical asteroid
Elliptical
these bright trails
Meteors
the big and unusually bright pieces of meteors
Fireballs
are the remains of the meteoroids found on the surface of Earth
Meteorites
Classified into three groups namely, solid, liquid, and gas
Matter
particles that are tightly Packed and arranged in an orderly Manner
Solid
the measure of the ability of an object to be compressed
Compressibility
have loosely Packed Particles. They have no shape of their own
Liquids
the resistance of a fluid to flow
Viscosity
the most distant arrangement of Particles, hence they have the highost thermal energy, and are the easiest to compress
Gases
are often Stored in tanks
Compressed gasses
the process in which a solid Change into liquid stte by gaining thermal energy from the environment
Melting
the temperature at which mel ting takes Place
Melting point
the process in which a liquid transform into solid state by losing thermal energy
Freezing
is the specific temperature at which liquid turns into solid state
Freezing point
the process in which a liquid furs into gaseous state by gaining enough thermal energy from the environment
Evaporation
is the specific temperature at which liquid turns to gaseous state
Boiling point
the process In which a gaseous substance turns into liquid state by losing thermal energy to environment
Condensation
takes place when the particles of a solid gain enough thermal energy to become a gas without Passing through the liquid state
Sublimation
Occurs When a gas turns into solid form without going through the liquid state
Deposition
negatively Charged subatomic particle. It is found outside the nucleus of an atom
Electron
Positively charged subatomic particle. It is found inside the nucleus
Proton
Uncharged subatomic Particle. It is inside the nucleus
Neutron
the combined number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus
Mass number
atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers
Isotopes
fourteen elements were discovered, including gold, silver, and Copper. they were discovered in their natural form using Primitive tools
Antiquity to middle ages
20 recorded elements were discovered during this period
Middle ages to 1800
this is the period of the scientific and industrial revolution when additional 24 elements were discovered
1800-1849
26 new elements were discovered. This is the age of classifying elements which recieved the i'mpulse from spectrum analysis
1850-1899
the scientific world first Saw a periodic table of elements much like the one We use today
1869
When interest in quantum mechanics flourished and thirteen new elements were discovered
1900-1949
referred to as post-Manhattan Project
1950-1999
era of super heavy elements
2000 to present
a row of elements whose properties change gradually and predictably
Period
refers to the number of protons, which is equal to the number of elections in a neutral atom
Atomic number
the measure of the size of an atom
Atomic radius
the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous molecule or atom and convert it to a ion
Ionization energy
the measure of the tendency of a atom or molecule to attract electrons in a bond
Electronegativity
are stable elements, and they do not attract electrons
Noble Gases
the extent to which an element exhibits
the physical and chemical Properties of metals
Metallic Character
elements that may have some metalic properties but lack others
Metalloids
group of orgalls that works together to Transform food into forms that Cells in the body can absorb to provide energy for its various functions and to nourish and build new cells
Digestive system
Food Passes through a long tube
Gastrointestinal tract
is the part of the digestive system that receives food
Mouth
is a Cone-shaped tube located at the back of the mouth
Pharynx
which is about 25 cm in length, is a muscular tube that connects the Pharynx and the stomach
Esophagus
which is located at the upper end of the esophagus, Keeps food and gastric or stomach Contents from going down the trachea
UES
which is located at the lower end of the Organ, prevents food and gastric contents from moving backward from the stomach
LES
is a muscular sac-like organ located between the esophagus and the small intestine
Stomach
where the contents of the esophagus empty into the stomach
Cardia
which formed the curvature of the organ
Fundus
which facilitates emptying of the Contents into the small intestine
Pylorus
is a long and harrow tube, about seven meters long in adults, located in the abdomen
Small intestine
which is responsible for the digestion of food materials
Duodenum
also known as Colon, is located in the lower abdomen of the body
Large intestine
which receives food materials from the ileum
Cecum
where waste is removed from the body through defecation
Rectum
is the opening at the lower end of the gastrointestinal tract that controls the expulsion of feces
Anus
are small white, and hard organs located along the anterior and lateral sides of the mouth
Teeth
contain blood vessels and nerves under the dentin in a soft region
Pulp
they are made of a bone -like substance and covered in a layer of enamel
Dentin
are the four middlemost teeth on the upper and lower jaws
Incisors
are the pointed teeth outside the incisors
Canines
are the teeth between the canines and the molars
Premolars
are the flat teeth in the rear of the mouth
Molars
Is a small muscular organ located at the lower Portion of the mouth
Tongue
the small bumps in the tongue, which give the tongues surface a rough texture
Papillae
on the tip of the tongue
Sweet receptors
along the sides of the tongue
Sour receptors
in front of the tongue
Salty receptors
at the back of the tongue
Bitter receptors
are accessory Organs located in and around the mouth and throat
Salivary glands
these organs produce a watery secretion, helps moisten and lubricate food
Saliva
on the insides of the Cheeks
Parotid glands
at the floor of the mouth
Submandibular glands
under the tongue
Sublingual glands
is a large glandular organ located deep in the abdomen behind the Stomach
Pancreas
is a large reddish-brown organ located at the upper area of the abdominal cavity
Liver
is a small pear -shaped Organ located under the liver, stores bile
Gallbladder
as the stomach and intestines digest food, the gallbladder Secretes bile into the small intestine through a small tube
Bile duct
Connects the liver and the gallbladder to the small intestine
Duct