Carbs and Lipid
Impaired fasting glucose is ?
100-125 mf/dl or 5,6-6.9 mmol/L
impaired glucose tolerance
140-199 mg/dl or 7.8-11 mmol/L
Pre diabetes in HbA1C
5.7-6.4. %
use to detect GDM and fasting s 8-14 hours
OGTT
Diagnosis for GDM if
>2 plasma glucose level are exceeded
For. every 1% increased in AIC what is the change in plasma?
35 mg/dl
CSF. glucose level
60-70%of plasma level
10% contamination of 5% dextroose wiilll elevate glucose in a. sample by?
500mg/dl or more
This method is capable of converting cupric ions in alkaline soolution to cuprouus ion
chemical methos
this is the most specific enzyme that reactonly with B-D glucose reaction
Glucose oxidase
what is being measured in hexokinase method since it is the goold standard of glucose measurement
NADPH
Von gierke
Glucose 6 phosphatase or transport system is thhe defective enzyme
Pompe
a-1-4-glucosidase (lysosomal)
Corii
amyloo-1-6-glucosidase ( de branching)
andersen
branching
Mcardle
phosphorylase
Hers
Phosphorylase
Tarui
Phosphoofructokinase
VII
phosphorylase kinase
most common form of congenial glycogen storage dse.
Von gierke
Type 1 hyperchylimicronemia and Familial LPL deficiency seen in Low cardiac risk, eruptiive xanthoma. and recurren pancreatitis
Increased TAG and Chylos
Type 2a : Familial hyperchholesterolemia
increased in Chylos an LDL
Type 2b: Familial combined hyperlipidemiia
Increased TAG, Chylos, LDL and VLDL
type 3: Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia causes eruptive and palmar xanthomas
Inceased TAG and Chylos and VLDL
Type 4: Familia Tryglydceridemia causes low cardiac risk
increased in TAG and VLDL
Type 5 causes low cardiac risk, eruptive xanthoma and pancreatitis
Increased in alll except LDL
cholesterol is determine by Abell- kendall methos with what reagent?
Lieberman- Burchard Reagent
definitive method for identification of cholesterol
IDMS
Lipoproteim lipid staiining dye for electrophoresis a
oil red O, Fat. red. 7B or. sudan black (OFS)
function is. to inhibit protease nuetrophil elastase also in decreased amount causes emphysema
AAT
increased of this protein is significant in diagnossting spina befida and presence of twins and decreased amount can cause dwn syndrome also a tumor marker for hepatocellular and testicular carcinoma,
AFP
this is characterizede by decreased level of ceruplasmin but increased in free serum copper and urinary copper
Wilson's diseased
this is increased in Nephrotic syndrom because of its retension and large sized
Alpha 2 macroglobulin
protein that binds free hbg to prevent it from getting lose in the urine and aslo. significntly decreased in heolytic anemia.
Haptoglobin
transfer two molecule of ferric ion and determine and evaluate anemia ^ in IDA
Transferrin
scavenge heme released and. significantly decreased is a diagnostic for hemolytic anemia
Hemopexin
this use to asses pre term delivery in wommen between 24 to 35 weeks and its function it to maintaiin adherance of placenta to uterus
Fibronectin
protein electrophoresis staining
Coomasie blue, Amido black and Ponceau S (CAP)