criminal justice 1
Name organisations in the CJS
- the police
- the court (HM Courts & Tribunals Service ) - Crown court/ Magistrate court
- The law officers
- the ministry of Justice - Crown Prosecution Service
- The Home Office
- Her Majestys Prison & Probation Service
- Her Majestys Crown Prosecution Service inspectorate
- National Crime Agency
What is the Criminal Justice System ?
' A criminal Justice system is a set of legal and socail institutions for enforcing the criminal law in accordance with a defined set of procedural rules and limitations'
what is the Purpose of the Criminal Justice System?
- To reduce crime and reoffending; to punish offenders; to protect the public; to provide victims with reparation; to increase public confidence, including victims and witnesses; and to ensure the ystem is fair and just.
- Addresses the consequences of criminal behaviour in society and has the objective of protecting peoples' right to safety and the enjoyment of human rights.
Who is the Main Agencies of CJS
The Home Office
what is Home Office
- legal government department for immigration and passports
- drugs policy
- crime
- fire
- counterterrorism
- police
- college of police - sets the standard of policing and training
what is the Ministry of Justice?
- Protect and advance the principles of justice.
- MOJ deparment is supoorted by 33 agencies and public bodies
what is the main functions of the police ?
- prevent crime
- investigate crime
- arrest and detain suspects
- maintain public order
- protect the public
- respond to criminal and non - criminal emergencies
- traffic control
what does institutional racism mean?
discrimination or unequal treatrment based on membership of a particular ethnic group (typically one that is a minority or marginalised), arising from systems, structures, or experiences that have become established within an institution or organisation.
what is the main fuctions of the Prosecution Service
- Determine if cases should proceed to prosecution
- pepare cases for prosecution
- prosecute cases in court
what is the main functions of the court system?
- prosecute cases
- decide on bail, remind and type of trial
- Ensure defendant' rights are protected
- Decide on guilt
- Pass sentence
- Hear appeals
what is the major functions of the prison and probation service?
- detaining offenders to a prison sentence
- rehabilitation of offenders
supervising pre- release and released prisoners
- supervision of community orders
what the three types of sentencing ?
summary offences , indicatable Only offences and either way offences
what is summary offences ?
can only be haerd in a Magistrates Court in England and Wales and most of these offences will be punished with a fine. Where a custodial sentence can be given if cannot exceed six months
what is indicatable only offences
can only be heard in a Crown Court and each offence has its own maximum penalty
what is either way offences
can be summary or indicatable depending on the severity of the actual offence commited and can therefore be tried either in a Magistrates or a Crown Court
what is The Youth Justice System
Youth courts are special magistrates courts which deal with all but the most serious charges against people aged between 10 (the age of criminal responsibility ) and 17
what is restorative justice
Those harmed by crime or conflict and those responsible for the harm into communication, enabling everyone affected by a particular incident to play a part in repairing the harm and finding a poisitive way forward.