SS Green Empire
1. A dynamic natural body on the earth's surface composed of both living and non-living materials where plants can grow
a. Soil profile b. Soil
C. Soil horizon
B
2. The study of soil from the standpoint of higher plants or plant
production
a. Petrology
b. Edaphology
C. Pedology
d. Physiology
B
3. The size of this soil particle is less than 1 um.
a. Soil colloids
b. Silt
C. Sand
d. Organic matter
A
4. Nitrification carried out by autotrophic bacteria is not affected by which of the following? a. Temperature b. pH
C. Oxygen supply
d. Redox potential
D
5. In relation to crop production, clayey soils are known to be
a. easy to cultivate
b. more fertile than sand
C. low water holding capacity
d. high percolation rate
B
6. A soil consists of the three components, namely: solid, liquid and
gas
a. the solid is composed of inorganic matter and organic matter
b. the liquid is a solution with dissolved ions in it
C. the gas component is about 80% nitrogen gas (N)
d. all of the above
D
7. This macronutrient is not a component of any organic molecule i the plant; its function is more catalytic in nature and usually deficient in coarse-textured soils.
a. Nitrogen
b. Phosphorus
C. Potassium
d. Calcium
B
8. Compon ent of amino acids such as methionine, cystein, and cystine and is usually deficient in waterlogged soils.
a. Sulfur
b. Calcium
C. Magnesium d. Copper
A
9. The soil is called a because it comes from the weathering
of naturally occurring rocks and minerals.
a. Dynamic body
b. Natural body
C. Natural resource
d. Weath ered rock
B
10. Needed in chlorophyll synthesis and usually deficient in alkaline
soil.
a. Iron
b. Zinc
C. Molybden um
d. Boron
A
11. Needed in the synthesis of auxin and is usu ally deficient in
waterlogged soils.
a. Iron
b. Zinc
C. Molybdenum
d. Copper
B
12. Rocks formed by cooling and solidification of molten magma and
lava in the crust
a. Extrusive rocks
b. Igneous rocks
C. Sedimentary rocks
d. Intrusive rocks
B
13. Individual soil layers or layers parallel to the ground surface.
a. Profile
b. Pedon
C. Horizon
d. Solum
C
14. What is the moisture regime of the soil Tropaquepts which are Inceptisols that are found in the tropics?
a. ustic
b. aquic
C. aridic
d. xeric
B
15. The non-crystalline organic colloidal fraction of the soil.
a. Organic material
b. Humus
C. Clay
d. Silt
B
16. Soil microorganism that degrade carbon - containing pesticide are considered
a. Phototrophs
b. Chemotrophs
C. Heterotrophs d. Autotrophs
C
17. The most abundant gas in the soil atmosphere is
a. CO2
b. O2
C. N2
d. Ar
C
18. The physicist who formulated the law governing the rate of settling particles in viscous medium
a. Jenny
b. Dokuchaev
C. Lal
d. Stoke
D
19. Under its natural occurren ce a soil is aggregated and porous
a. An aggregate is composed of millions of in dividu al particles
b. The pores are interconnected channels to other pores
C. Water and air occupy the pores
d. All of the above
D
20. Rocks that are formed when magma did not reach the earth's surface but solidifies in the cavities or cracks that the magma had made by pushing the surroun ding rock apart or by melting or dissolving it.
a. Extrusive rocks
b. Intrusive rocks
C. Granitic rocks
d. Basaltic rocks
B
21. Loose earth materials above solid rock
a. Regolith
b. Solum
C. Pedon
d. Profile
A
22. Haplauents are young soils with minimal development. In what order does the soil belong?
a. Entisols
b. Inceptisols
C. Mollisols
d. Vertisols
Soil Classification System
A
23. The Philippine adopts the
a. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
b. Food and Agriculture (FAO)
C. International Society of Soil Science (ISSS)
d. British Soil Classification System (BSCS)
A
24. A soil horizon is defined as
a. The depth of finely divided soil mineral over bed rock
B.A soil layer that differs in recognized properties from other layers below
C. The slope of the soil surface relative to the horizon d. All of the above
B
25. Soil texture that would be best for growing lowland rice
a. sandy loam
b. clay
C. silty loam
d. silty sand
B
26. A sedimentary rock which is a recemented clay
a. Conglomerate
b. Sandstone
c. Siltstone
d. Shale
d
27. A soil order characterized as shrinking and swelling dark clay soils
a. Gelisols
b. Vertisols
c. Inceptisol
d. Entisols
B
28. It is an amorph ous or less crystalline clay developed from volcanic
ash.
a. Allophane
b. Iron oxide
C. Kaolinite
d. Montmorillonite
A
29. The biochemical oxidation of ammonium to nitrate, predominantly by autotrophic bacteria.
a. Denitrification
b. Ammonium fixation
C. Nitrification
d. Immobilization
C
30. An example of physical weathering process is
a. Exfoliation
b. Hydrolysis
C. Hydration
d. Oxidation
A
Generally, coarse-textured soils are characterized as soils with
a. low water holdinh capacity
b. low total surface are
c. high percolation rate
d. all of the above
D
32. These are naturally occurring inorganic substan ces with fairly definite chemical composition and specific physical properties
a. Rocks
b. Igneous rocks
C. Primary mineral
d. Minerals
D
33. A soil order characterized as embryonic soil with few diagnostic
features
a. Alfisols
b. Spodosol
C. Inceptisol
d. Entisols
C
34. In strongly acid soils, the availability of most micronutrient cations
is
a. Increased
b. Decreased
C. Not affected
d. Remains the same
A
35. Generally, fine-textured soils are characterized to have
a. low water holding capacity
b. high ability to supply plant nutrients
C. low total surface area
d. high percolation rate
B
36. The relative distribution of sand, silt, and clay is called soil
a. Texture
b. Structure
C. Cation exchange capacity
d. pH
A
37. Minerals that are crystallized from the cooling of magma
a. Primary minerals
b. Secondary minerals
C. Quartz
d. Tertiary minerals
A
38. Andepts are soils that were derived from volcanic activity and were origin ally classified as Inceptisols. What is the new order of these soils?
a. Gelisols
b. Andisols
C. Oxisols
d. Vertisols
B
39. It belongs to the 1:1 n on-expan ding type of silicate clay mineral.
a. Vermiculite
b. Illite
C. Kaolinite Montmorillonite
d. Montmorillonite
C
40. The percent water remaining in soil 2 to 3 days after it had been saturated and the free drainage had practically ceased
a. Hygroscopic water
b. Permanent wilting point
c. Plant availability water
d. Field capacity
C
42. Which of these soils has the most rapid percolation rate?
a. sandy soils
b. silty soils
C. clayey soils
d. none of the above
A
43. Soil texture refers to the coarsen ess or fineness of a soil
a. sand is gritty
b. silt is sticky and plastic
C. clay is smooth
d. all of the above
A
44. The primary source of calcium in the soil
a. Gypsum
b. Hematite
C. Shale
d. Calcite
D
45. An example of a 2:1 expanding type of silicate mineral.
a. Halloysite
b. Kaolinite
C. Ilite
d. Montmorillonite
D
46. Most of the N in the solid fraction of the soil is in the form of
a. Ammonium N
b. Nitrate N
C. Nitrite N
d. Organic N
D
47. The molten mass where igneous rocks solidify from is:
a. Core
b. Magma
C. Mantle
d. Soil
B
47. The molten mass where igneous rocks solidify from is:
a. Core
b. Magma
C. Mantle
d. Soil
B
48. The decomposition of the complex substan ces of rocks and minerals resulting to changes in chemical composition, release of soluble materials and formation of new minerals.
a. Exfoliation
b. Weath ering
C. Chemical weathering
d. Physical weathering
C
49. The general term for the process whereby ions adsorbed on the surface of soil colloids are exchanged for ions in the soil solution.
a. Anion exchange
b. Cation exchange
C. Ion exchange
d. Isomorphous substitution
C
50. It refers to the amount of exchangeable cations per unit weight of dry soil.
a. Anion exchange capacity
b. Base saturation
C. Cation exchange capacity
d. Exchangeable acidity
C
51. Nitrate is not removed from the soil system by which of the
following?
a. Nitrogen fertilization
b. Erosion
c. Leaching
d. Plant uptake
A
52. Metamorphosis is caused by
a. Leaching
b. Earthquake
C. High pressure and temperature
d. Floods
C
53. It refers to the arrangement of primary soil particles into secondary units or aggregates
a. soil consistency
b. soil texture
c. soil structure d. soil density
C
54.This regime has mean annual soil temperatureof 15 ℃or higher but lower than 22℃.
a. Cryic
b. Mesic
C. Thermic
d. Hyperthermic
C
55. The weathering that takes place below the soil solum
a. Pedochemical weathering
b. Geochemical weathering
c. Physical weathering d. Exfoliation
B
56. A subsoil with high cday accumulation is written in symbol as
a. Bt
b. Btc
C. Ct
d. Ct1
A
57. The source of permanent negative charge of clays.
a. Anion exchange
b. Cation exchange
c. Isomorphous substitution
d. Protonation
C
58. The source of positive charge of silicate clays.
a. Anion exchange
b. Cation exchange
C. Isomorphous substitution
d. Proton ation
D
59. Microaerophillic microorganisms require
a. Extremely high oxygen level b. No oxygen level
C. Minimal oxygen level
d. High oxygen level
C
60. The weathered parent material corresponds to this horizon
AB
a.
b. E
C. C
d. ABC
C
61. These are natural soil aggregates
Pebbles a. b. Clods
C. Peds
d. Granules
C
62.Amean annual temperature of 8℃or higher but lower than 15℃
defin es this soil temperature regime
a. Thermic
b. Mesic
c. hyperthermic
d. cyic
B
63. This compound reacts with carbonic acid forming a more soluble bicarbonate. Its reaction contributes to the weathering process.
a. Hydration
b. Hydrolysis
C. Carbonation
d. Solution
C
64. This horizon is plowed and rich in humus. It will be designated as
horizon.
a. Ap
b. B比
C. Ct
d. All of above
A
65. A 25 gram soil saturated with 5 me Ca* has a cation exchange
capacity equal to
a. 5 me/100 g soil
b. 25 me Ca/100 g soil
c. 10 me Ca/100 g soil
d. 20 me Ca/100 g soil
D
66. The principal form of nitrogen utilized during rapid plant growth
period is
a. N,
b. NO3
C. NH, d. NH4"
B
67. The true soil correspon ds to horizon
a. A,B,C
b. A,B,C,D
C. C
d. A,B
D
68. Characteristic soil structure of sandy soils
a. single-grained
b. massive
c. platy
d. crumb
A
69. In relation to crop production clayey soils are known to be
a. sticky to cultivate
b. fertile than sand
C. high water holding capacity than sand d. all of the above
D
70. Themean annual soil temperature is 22 ℃or higher
a. Mesic
b. Hyperthermic
C. Thermic
d. Cryic
B
71. A Russian pedologist who published the first soil forming factor equation
a. Lafinikov
b. Jennykov
C. Gerasinov
d. Dokuchaev
B
72. Compute the % base saturation of a soil with a CEC of 100
me/100g and whose exchange sites are occupied by 20 me/100 g of basiC cations.
a. 20%
b. 25%
C. 75%
d. 68%
A
73. The relationship of percent base saturation and soil pH
a. %BS in creases as soil pH decreases b. %BS decreases as soil pH increases C. %BS decreases as soil pH decreases d. %BS decreases does not affect soil pH
C
74. Particle density is a stable soil property and most agricultural soils
would have particle densities close to this value
a. 1.33 g/cm b. 2.66 g/cm
b. 2.66 g/cm³
c. 1.65 g/cm³
d. 2.33 g/cm³
B
75. The fitness of a given type of land for specified kind of land use.
a. Land suitability
b. Land mapping unit
C. Land quality
d. Land utilization type
A
76. The most influential factor in soil formation
a. Biosphere
b. Climate
C. Parent material
d. Time
B
77. are chemical elements taken up by plants in large
quantities.
a. Essential elements
b. Macronutrients
C. Trace elements
d. Micronutrients
B
79. Soil texture could be determined by
a. "feel" method
b. pipette method
C. hydrometer method
d. all of the above
D
80. The minimum size of delineation is 0.2 hectare to 4 hectare. The
order of soil survey is a. 1“
b. 3rd
C. 4th
d. 5th
A
81. In the soil profile, parent material of soil is usually located in
a. Topmost
b. Lowest part C. Middle
d. Any place
B
82. The general form of nutrients taken up by plants is
a. Molecules
b. Nutrients
C. Compounds
d. Ions
D
82. The general form of nutrients taken up by plants is
a. Molecules
b. Nutrients
C. Compounds
d. Ions
D
83. Iron oxide mineral that contribute red color to many soils.
a. Chlorite
b. Hematite
C. Flouroapatite d.Quartセ
B
84. The mineral supplying P is
a. Feldspar
b. Apatite C. Talc
d. Pyrite
B
85. Soil grown to corn is best cultivated when the soil consistency is
a. Plastic
b. Hard
C. Friable
d. Viscous
C
86. Soil texture could be determined in the laboratory by
a. ammonium acetate meth od
b. buoyancy method
c. hydrometer method
d. none of the above
C
87. The minimum size of delineation is 16 ha to 259 ha. The order of
soil survey is
a. 1st
b. 4th
c. 3rd
d. 5th
C
88. Soil formation slows down because of constant mixing within the profile, nullifying the colloid movement downward by
a. Plant roots
b. Burrowing animals
C. Leaching
d. Hydration
B
89. The lowest category of the US Soil Taxonomy is
a. Order
b. Subgroup
C. Great grouP
d. Series
D
90. The form of nitrogen taken up by plants from the soil.
a. NO,
b. NH, C. NH,
d. N,
C
91. What do you expect when you increase OM of the soil?
a. Decrease the amount of N to apply
b. Increase the amount of N to apply
C. Maintain the amount of N to apply
d. None of the above
A
92. Calculate the gravimetric moisture content of the soil sample if its fresh weight (FW) is 25 g and its oven dry weight (ODW) is 20 g.
a. 10%
b, 15%
C. 20%
d. 25%
D
93. The upper diameter size limit of clay particles is
a. 2.0mm
b. 0.002 mm
c. 0.2 mm
d. 0.02 mm
B
94. Represent areas that should be permanently retained as forest environment
a. Agricultural areas
b. Preservation areas
C. Expansion areas
d. Rehabilitation areas
B
95. Movement of material out of a portion of a soil profile as in an
albic horizon.
a. Illuviation
b. Eluviation
C. Leaching
d. Enrichment
B
96. This will retard soil profile development because it exposes new
materials
a. Low rainfall
b. Steep slopes
c. high temperature d. All of the above
B
97. Water deposited sediments are called
a. Colluvial deposits
b. Alluvial deposits
C. Glacial deposits
d. Aeolian deposits
B
98. The major form of nitrogen in the soil is
a. Organic
b. Elemental
C. Inorganic
d. Available
A
99. An element which is an important component of plant cell wall.
a. Nitrogen
b. Phosphorus
C. Calcium
d. Magnesium
C
100. Non-symbiotic N, fixing organisms in lowland soil.
a. Actinomycetes
b. Bacteria
C. Cyanobacteria
d. Fungi
B