Biology
what two processes do humans rely on?
feeding and digestion
what is the coiled muscular tube called that extends from the mouth to the anus?
alimentary tract
four different teeth?
incisors, canines, premolars and molars
when the tongue mixes saliva with the food what is it called?
a bolus
where are the three salivary glands?
below opening of ear, near angle of lower jaw and under tongue
what do salivary glands secret and what does it do?
enzyme called salivary amylase which breaks down starch to maltose
what is the pharynx?
connects to trachea and esophagus and delivers food and air to said areas
what are the wave like contractions called that move the food in the body?
peristalsis
how long is the esophagus?
25 cm
how much food can the sotmach hold?
1-2 litres of food
how many layers does the stomach have, and since the inner layer has many ridges and wrinkles and is calles rugae what does that contain?
3 layers and they contain gastric glands
two sphinters in the stomach and where are they found?
cardiac sphincter: top. pyloric sphincter: bottom
what is heartburn?
gastric juices escaping the cardiac sphincter back into esophagus
what do the gastric glands in the stomach secrete? (3)
hydrochloric acid(HCl), Mucous and digestive enzymes
three types of digestive secretions that enter the small intestine through the duodenum?
bile, panctreatic juice and intestinal juice
what is bile? where does it come from? where is it stored? How does it get there?
emulsifies fats, produced in the liver, stored in the gallbladder and gets to gallbladder from bile ducts
what is hemorrhoids?
swollen masses of inflammed veins in the anus
what is the last 20cm of the large intestine calles?
rectum