biology
what are monomers
monomers are the smaller soluble molecules from which larger molecules are made
what are polymers
polymers are molecules made from a larger number of similar monomers joined together
what does ASE refers to
enzymes
what does OSE refer to
sugar
what is a condenstion reaction
this is when you join 2 molecules together with the formation of a chemical bond and it involves the elimination of a water molecule
what is a hydrolysis reaction
this is the breaking of a chemical bond between 2 molecules by using a water molecule
what are monosaccharides
these are the monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made
list 3 monosaccharides
Glucose, Galactose, Fructose
what bond is formed between two monosaccharides
Glycosidic bond
list the isomers of glucose
alpha glucose and beta glucose
whay carbon forms a glycosidic bond
carbon 1 and carbon 4
what is two monosaccharides called
Dissacharide
what shape can an alpha glucose be
linear saccharides and cyclo saccharides
how are dissacharides formed
by the condensation of two monosaccharides
list the three dissacharides you know and how they are formed
Maltose by glucose and glucose.
Lactose by glucose and galactose.
Sucrose by glucose and fructose.
what are carbohydrates hydrolysed into during hydrolysis
monosaccharides
how are polysaccharides formed
condensation of many monosaccharide units
what is the monomer of cellulose
beta glucose
what is the monomer of glycogen
alpha glucose
what is the monomer of starch
alpha glucose
which one of these polysaccharides can be found in humans: glycogen, starch, cellulose
Glycogen
which one of these polysaccharides can be found in plants: glycogen, starch, cellulose
starch, cellulose
what do beta glucose molecules join together to form through condensation reaction
long, straight unbranched chains
how does beta glucose form a glycosidic bond
by flipping 180° to allow the OH group on carbon 1 and 4 to be adjacent to each other