Transport across membranes
What is passive transport?
passive transport does NOT require energy. involves the movement down a concentration gradient.
What is active transport?
moving substances into/out of cell membrane againt concentration gradient. it requires the use of energy.
energy is used to open gates, bind substances to protiens and reshape the membrane for it to fit.
What is involved in simple diffusion?
they move from high concentration to low concentration to reach dynamic equilibrium.
They pass through the phospholipid billyer or gates formed by the membranes protiens.
What is similar to diffusion but moves water to have a dynamic equilibrium?
Osmosis.
What is an isotonic solution?
An equal amount concentration of water in and out of the cell.
What is hypotonic solutions?
the concentration of solute molecules is lower outside the cell than inside.
What is hypertonic solutions?
the concentration of solute is higher outside the cell than inside.
What is the difference between Facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion?
Simple diffusion, molecules pass through the phospholipid bilayer or protien channels. Facilitated diffusion, molecules pass through cell membrane using carrier protiens.
What are the 2 types of bulk transport?
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
What is endocytosis?
Cells ingest large materials.
What is exocytosis?
cells expell molecules.
How does the cell do bulk transport?
By forming a vacuole around a molecule. Folding itself around it to either expell it or ingest it.