cranial nerves
cranial nerves
I. Olfactory
II . Optic
III. Oculomotor
IV. Trochlear
V Trigeminal
VI. Abducens
VII. Facial
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
IX. Glossopharyngeal
X .Vagus
XI .Spinal Accessory
XII. Hypoglossal
are nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves which emerge from segments of the spinal cord. In humans, there are 12 pairs of cranial nerves. Only the first and the second pair emerge from the cerebrum; the remaining 10 pairs emerge from the brainstem.
Cranial nerves
smell
I Olfactory
vision
II. Optic
eyelid and eyeball movement
III. Oculomotor
- innervates superior oblique
-turns eye downward and laterally
IV. Trochlear
- chewing
- face & mouth touch & pain
V. Trigeminal
turns eye laterally
VI . Abducens
- controls most facial expressions
- secretion of tears & saliva
- taste
VII. Facial
- (auditory) hearing
- equillibrium sensation
VIII. Vestibulocochlear
- taste
-senses carotid blood pressure
IX Glossopharyngeal
- senses aortic blood pressure
- slows heart rate
- stimulates digestive organs
- taste
X Vagus
- controls trapezius & sternocleidomastoid
- controls swallowing movements
XI Spinal Accessory
controls tongue movements
XII Hypoglossal