Psychology Exam #3
Learning
A relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience
Operant conditioning
An organism "operates" on its environment to produce some desired result
Extiction
Weakening of a conditioned response when reinforcement is terminated
Spontaneous recovery
Reappearance of a conditioned response after a time delay
Discrimination
Involves responding to one stimulus but not to stimuli that are similar
Generalization
Involves giving a conditioned response to stimuli that are similar to the CS
Classical conditioning
An organism leaves a response to a neutral stimulus that previously did not bring about that response
Positive reinforcement
Introduction of a pleasant stimulus after a behavior, encourages desirable behaviors
Fixed interval schedule
Rewards appear after a certain fixed amount of time regardless of number of responses
Shaping
Form of operant conditioning
Secondary reinforcers
Money or tokens
Punishment
An aversive stimulus which diminishes the strength of a response, works best when applied immediately and limited in intensity
Negative reinforcers
Removal of unpleasant stimulus
Positive punishment
Introduction of an aversive stimulus (spanking)
Is negative reinforcement applied to punishable behaviors?
No
Asprin for headache
Negative reinforcement
Praise
Secondary reinforcer
Glaring at child
Positive punishment
Taking car away
Negative punishment
Petting dog
Positive reinforcement