Bio Unit 1 Test- Matching
What oranelle is;
- attached to the ER
- contains chromosomes
- contains a nucleus which is responsible for the assemly ribosomes and rRNA
Nucleus
which oranelle is;
- They assemble polypeptide chains (1⁰)
- When in rRNA form they assemble proteins
- Made of 2 subunits ( 1 large and 1 small)
ribosomes
which organelle is;
- Microscopic net work of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm
- Provides structure and support to the cell (animal and plant)
cytoskeleton
which organelle is;
- Collection of microtubules in a 9+3 arrangement
- Generate spindle fibers and separate sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis
centrioles
which organelle is;
- Hair- like microscope structures that are used for movement
- Cause currents in the surrounding fluid and provide propulsion (movement)
cilla
which organelle is;
- A 9+2 arrangement of microtubules
- Thread-like structures (microscopic) used for movement (whip) (bacteria, euglena, sperm)
figella
which organelle is;
- In plants this is made of cellulose and protein
- Found plants, plant-like protest, some bacteria and fungi
- Outside of the cell membrane
- Get a diagram that shows you the 1⁰ and 2⁰ cell wall with lamella
cell wall
which organelle is;
Flattened membranes connected to the nucleus
Rough ER (endoplasmic reticulum) has ribosomes which insert ERs membrane
Smooth ER- involved in lipids synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, 〖Ca〗^(9+) metabolism intracellular transport
endoplasm reticulum
which organelle is;
Stacks of membranes called cisternae
Work with E_2 in protein synthesis adds fats and sugars (in group to polypeptides)
Makes vesicles
Vesicle pinches off a section of the membrane
Called molecules in vesicles (sacs) which are stored (endocytosis/ excytosos)
golgi apparatus
which organelle is;
- A type of vesicle (made by golgi)
- A cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell bound by a single membrane
- This is called a tonclast in a plant cell
- Storage of foo, water or metabolism waste
- Much larger in plants than animals
vacuoles
which organelle is;
- Type of vesicle
- Contains digestive enzyme to digest macromolecules (separate amino acid in protein)
- Catalyze hydrolysis reactions
- Suicide sacs – digest faulty cells
- Involved in metamorphosis (tadpole to frog)
lysosome
which organelle is;
- Vesicle
- Contains enzymes to digest/destroy toxic substances (H_(2 ) O_2)
peroxisome
which organelle is;
- Site of cellular respiration
mitochondrion
Types of Bonds;
- transfer of electron(S) from one atom’s valence shell to another atom’s valence shell
Occurs between a metal and non-metal
Forms a crystalline lattice structure
Considered an electrolytes
Dissociates and dissolves in water forming hydrated ions
ionic bond
Types of Bonds;
- bond formed when the electron shells of two non-metal atoms overlap so the valence electrons are shared between both atoms
covalent bond
Types of Bonds;
- unequal sharing of electrons
Most biological compounds contain O, C H and N
O and N tend to form polar bonds with other atoms
C-H have such a low electronegativity (0.4) that this bond is considered non-polar
polar covalent bond
Types of Bonds;
- equal sharing of electrons
Example: hydrogen molecule – two identical atoms
Example: organic molecules – containing a combination of carbon and hydrogen atoms
nonpolar covalent bonds
Types of Bonds;
- weak association between an atom with partial negative charge (e.g. oxygen and nitrogen) and a hydrogen atom with partial positive charge; hydrogen bonds are weaker than an ionic or covalent bond.
3-dimensional structure of important biological molecules like DNA and protein
hydrogen bond
Types of Bonds;
amino acids are joined by covalent bond
peptide bond
Outside of cell solution that the cell is in;
- equal [solutes] inside and outside the cell
lsotonic
Outside of cell solution that the cell is in;
- ↑ [solutes] outside of cell
hypertonic
Outside of cell solution that the cell is in;
↓ [solutes] inside of cell
Hypotonic