unit 6 bio
single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
RNA
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein
Gene
Macromolecule that contaons carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair
Protein
synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
Transcription
process by which the sequence of based of an mRNA is converted into the sequence of amino acids of a protein
Translation
change in the genetic material of a cell
Mutation
gene mutation in which a single base pair in DNA has been changed
Point Mutation
mutation that sifts the "reading frame" of the genetic message by inserting or deleting a nucleotide
Frameshift Mutation
chemical or physical agents in the environment that interact with DNA and may cause a mutation
Mutagen
type of RNA that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
type of RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
type of RNA that combines with proteins to form ribosomes
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
group of homeotic genes that determine the heaf to tail identity of body parts
Hox Gene
enzyme that links together the growing chain of RNA nucleotides during transcription using a DNA strand as a template
RNA Polymerase
group of three nucleotide bases in mRNA that specify aa particular amino acid to be incorporated into a protein
Codon
group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to the three bases of a codon
Anitcodon
process by which a gene produces its product and the product carries out its function
Gene Expression
process in whoch cells beckme specialized in structure and function
Differentiation