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physics 1

what is the unit of energy?

joules

name a material that does not easily allow the transfer of thermal energy

insulator

what is the energy an object has because of its movement?

kinetic

what is the ratio of the useful energy output to the total energy input?

efficiency

name every energy store

magnetic, kinetic, heat (thermal), light, gravitational potential, chemical, sound, electric, elastic, nuclear

what is energy?

the ability of doing work

how do you work out work done?

work done= force x distance

name some examples of renewable energy

solar power, wind power, hydroelectric power, tidal power, wave power, geothermal power, biofuels

what is the equation linking kinetic energy, mass and speed?

kinetic energy= 1/2 x mass x (speed) squared

list some examples of objects with kinetic energy stores

toy car travelling down a ramp, gas particles moving in the air, parachute falling through the air

name the unrenewable energy sources

fossil fuels, nuclear fuel

what is the equation linking elastic potential energy, spring constant and extension?

elastic potential energy= 1/2 x spring constant x (extension) squared

what is the unit for spring constant?

newtons per metre (n/M)

what is the unit for extension?

metres

list some examples of objects with elastic potential energy stores

stretched elastic band, tennis ball that has been squashed, extended spring

what is the equation linking gravitational potential energy, mass, gravitational field strength and height?

gravitational potential energy= mass x gravitational field strength x height

what is the unit for gravitational field strength?

newtons per kilogram, N/kg

list some examples of objects that have gravitational potential energy stores

apple on a tree, plant pot on a windowsill, aeroplane in the sky

what is the equation linking change in thermal energy, mass, specific heat capacity and temperature change?

change in thermal energy= mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change

what is the unit for specific heat capacity?

joules per kilogram per degree celsius, J /kg degrees C

write a definition for specific heat capacity

the amount of energy needed to increase the temperature of a 1kg material by 1 degree celsius

name the useful energy transfers for a picture on a television screen

chemical energy stores -> thermal energy stores, and light and sound carry energy to the surroundings

name the energy dissipated to the surroundings for a picture on a television screen

thermal energy stores of the surroundings

name the useful energy transfers for a printer

chemical energy stores -> kinetic energy stores

name the energy dissipated to the surroundings for a printer

thermal energy stores and some is carried by sound waves to the surroundings

name the useful energy transfers for a mobile phone

chemical energy stores -> thermal energy stores and light and sound waves carry the energy to the surroundings

name the energy dissipated to the surroundings for a mobile phone

thermal energy stores of the surroundings

describe the energy store changes for a football that has been kicked upwards

as the ball moves upwards, the kinetic energy store of the ball decreases and the gravitational potential energy store of the ball increases

describe the energy store changes for a squash ball hitting a wall

when the ball hits the wall, kinetic energy decreases and elastic potential energy increases. some of the energy is also transferred to the surroundings. the thermal energy of the surroundings increases and some of the energy is carried by sound waves

describe the energy store changes for a car accelerating

as the car moves, the chemical energy of the petrol decreases and the kinetic energy of the car increases. some of the energy is also transferred by sound waves to the surroundings and the thermal energy store of the surroundings also increases

define renewable energy resources

a renewable energy resource can be replenished

define a non- renewable energy resource

a non- renewable energy resource will eventually run out

what happens when work is done?

a force moves an object and energy is transferred

what is force measured in?

newtons

how do you work out power?

power= work done/ time taken

what is chemical energy?

includes fuels, food or chemicals in batteries. the energy is transferred in chemical reactions

what is kinetic energy?

the energy an object has because it is moving

what is gravitational potential energy?

the energy stored in an object because of its position, such as an object above ground

what is elastic potential energy?

the energy stored in a springy object when you squash it

what is thermal energy?

the energy a substance has because of its temperature

what is magnetic energy?

the energy stored within a magnetic field

what is light energy?

a form of kinetic energy that travels in waves and can be detected by the human eye

what is sound energy?

a form of mechanical energy that travels as sound waves, resulting from the vibrations of an object

what is electric energy?

the energy transferred when electrical charges move across a potential difference

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