Oral Com
7 elements of communication
Source
Message
Encoding
communication model
Receiver
Decoding
Feedback
"communis" means Working Together
communicate
4 barrier in Effective Communication
1. emotional barrier
2. use of jargons
3. lack of confidence
4. noisy environment
7 C's
completeness
conciseness
consideration
concreteness
courtesy
clearness
correctness
receiver needs to hear everything for him to respond
completeness
start, direct and straight to the point
conciseness
speaker should always consider relevant information about her receiver
consideration
message is supported by facts and real life situation
concreteness
respecting the culture, value and belief of her receiver
courtesy
use of simple and specific word to express ideas
clearness
Good grammar eliminates negative impact on audience
correctness
individuals interact negotiate and create meanings
Ting-Toomey 1999
nine things to remember in intercultural communication
ethnic group
language
economic status
political institution
profession
religion
educational background
gender
age
they stated that the structures that explores now people experience cultural differences
DMIS the developmental model of intercultural sensitivity
according to her there are six stages
Bennett 2004
what are the six stages of Bennett 2004
denial
defense
minimization
acceptance
adaptation
integration
does not recognize cultural differences
denial
starts to recognize cultural differences
defense
Bank more on the universality of ideas rather than on cultural differences
minimization
appreciate the important cultural differences in behavior and values
acceptance
very open to words views when accepting new perspectives
adaptation
starts to go beyond their own cultures and see themselves and their actions based on multifarious cultural viewpoints
integration
-conveys thought message or ideas to receiver
-starting point of the communication
sender
subject matter of communication ideas feelings suggestions order
message
converting messages into communication symbol words pictures gestures symbols internal thoughts of the sender
encoding
path channel medium carrier of the message
Media
translating the encoded message into an effective language
decoding
received the message of the sender
receiver
process of reversal communication
feedback