CHAPTER 6: Erik Erikson Psychosocial Stages of Personality Development

the person who COINED the term IDENTITY CRICIS

ERIK ERIKSON

a TURNING POINT in one’s life that may either STRENGTHEN or WEAKEN PERSONALITY.

IDENTITY CRISIS

His ______________ theory extended Freud’s infantile developmental stages into adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Erikson suggested that at each STAGE a specific PSYCHOSOCIAL struggle CONTRIBUTES to the FORMATION of PERSONALITY. From adolescence on, that struggle takes the form of an identity crisis

POST-FREUDIAN THEORY

COMBINATION of MALADAPTIVE and ADAPTIVE way in COPING up to every CRISIS

Conflicts and Opposites

• VALUES that we can GET after a particular STAGE DEVELOPMENT
• DUALITY

Conflict and Opposites

ACCEPTABLE and POSITIVE reaction in a particular PHENOMENA

ADAPTIVE

• NEGATIVE reaction in a particular phenomena
• UNACCEPTABLE
EXAMPLE: Kapag bumagsak ka ibe blame mo sa iba ipoproject sa iba or magiinom ka

MALADAPTIVE

The RIDER (EGO) is ultimately at the MERCY of the STRONGER HORSE (ID)

TRUE

MISTRUST - WITHDRAWAL
TRUST - HOPE

BOTH ARE TRUE

During this stage, infants learn to trust or mistrust their caregivers BASED on the CONSISTENCY and QUALITY of CARE they receive.

Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy, 0-1 year)

Children DEVELOP a sense of AUTONOMY as they EXPLORE and assert their INDEPENDENCE. If they face EXCESSIVE criticism or control, they may develop feelings of SHAME and DOUBT.
Example: TOILET TRAINING

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood, 1-3 years)

Children begin to EXPLORE their ENVIRONMENT and take on more responsibility. They DEVELOP a sense of PURPOSE and INITIATIVE. However, if their actions are overly RESTRICTED or CRITICIZED they may feel GUILTY about their desires and ambitions. also known as PLAY AGE

Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool, 3-6years)

• they being FORCE to SOCIALIZE to others
• Children start to VELEOP COMPETENCE in various skills and tasks, such as academics and social interactions. SUCCESS in these endeavors leads to a sense of industry and ACCOMPLISHMENT, while feelings of INFERIORITY may ARISE from perceived INADEQUACY or failure.

Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age, 6-12 years)

Adolescents EXPLORE their IDENTITIES, including their values, beliefs, and goals. They may EXPERIENCE CONDUSION and uncertainty as they try to establish a sense of self and their role in society.

Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence, 12-19 years)

• BUILDING RELATIONSHIP with other. Have an idea to FULL SEXUAL INDENTITY
• Young adults seek close relationships and INTIMATE connections with others. SUCCESSFUL navigation of this stage leads to FULFILLING relationships, while FAILURE may result in feelings of LONELINESS and isolation.

Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood, 20-25 years)

• Adults FOCUS on CONTRIBUTING to SOCIETY and future generations, whether through WORK, PARENTING, or MENTORING. Those who feel a sense of generativity experience fulfillment and purpose, while stagnation may lead to feelings of unproductiveness or self-absorption.
• NURTURING other or being NURTURE to NEXT GENERATION

Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood, 25-64 years)

OLDER adults REFLECT on their LIVES and ACCOMPLISHMENTS. Those who feel a sense of integrity and satisfaction with their life experiences a sense of fulfillment and wisdom. Conversely, those who experience despair may feel regret and dissatisfaction with their choices and achievements.

Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood, 65+ - death years)

a term BORROWED from EMBRYOLOGY. Epigenetic development IMPLIES a STEP-by-STEP GROWTH of FETAL ORGANS.

Epigenetic Principle

At this time, children LEARN to CONTROL their BODY, especially in relation to CLEANLINESS and MOBILITY. Early childhood is more than a time of TOILET TRAINING; it is also a time of learning to WALK, RUN, HUG parents, and hold on to toys and other objects. With each of these activities, young children are likely to display some stubborn tendencies. They may retain their feces or eliminate them at will, snuggle up to their mother or suddenly push her away, delight in hoarding objects or ruthlessly discard them.

Anal–Urethral–Muscular Mode

in every stage of life there is an INTERACTION of OPPOSITES—that is, a CONFLICT between a SYNTONIC (HARMONIOUS)element and a DYSTONIC (DISRUPTIVE) element.