Physical Geography Case Study
major landform of erosion and deposition in england
swanage is on the south coast
it is a coastline with headlands and bays (discordant)
headland - the foreland
bay - swanage bay
stack - old harry
coastal management scheme in the uk
lyme regis ( small dorset town on the south coast)
unstable cliffs, sea walls have been breached many times
key features - extention of rock armour , new sea wall , cost over £43 million
positives - new beaches have increased visitors , defences have stood up to recent stormy weathers
negatives - some people think the new defences have spoilt the lanscape
river valley in the uk to identify major landforms of erosion and deposition
river tees
upper - high force waterfall and gorge
middle - meanders , floodplains and levees near darlington
flood management scheme
boscastle - south west of england
it was needed because of the steep valley sides increasing surface run off and reduce infiltration
estimated that 2 million tonnes of water flowed through the town that day
prior to the 2004 flood , they had no modern flood defences
lives were disrupted for year by rebuilding projects
less risk of damage to property
cost more than £10 million
scheme isnt as good as i could be - some options were considered too expensive
people more likely to invest in tourism areas
the defences wont prevent flooding of the same size
new channel has been engineered to look natural
chile
magnitude 8.8
500 killed , 12000 injured
destruction of infrastructure
power,water and comms cut
$30 billion damage
communities cut off by landslides
coastal towns devastated by tsunami
key roads repaired within 24 hours
most power and water restored within 10 days
built 30,000 emegency wooden shelters
strong economy reduced the need for foriegn aid
likely recovery within 4 years
nepal
magnitude 7.9
9000 killed , 20,000 injured
destruction of infrastructure
power,water,sanitation ams comms cut
$5 billion damage
communities cut off by landslide
avalanche on mt everest killed 19
flooding caused blocked rivers
oxfam sent aid
300,000 migrated to kathmandu
roads repaired , landslided cleared
conferance arranged for support
typhoon haiyan
6300 killed ,600,000 displaced
damage to building ,power lines
6 million jobs lost
outbreaks of cholera
schools destroyed
ngos sent aid
over 1200 evacuation centres set up
united nations supplied medical support
more cyclone shelters built
evidence that uk weather is becoming more extreme
2003 heatwave in kent
over 2000 died
roads melted
2010 heavy snow in northern ireland
-18.7°c
2013/14 floods
england's wettest winter in 250 years
malaysia rain forrest
subsistance farming - short term clearance
commercial farming - largest exporter for palm oil in the world
logging - worlds largest exporter for tropical wood ( selective logging is mature trees only)
settlement- about 15000 hectares of rainforest was felled for settlers
impacts of deforestation
job creation
minerals are valuable
fires pollute and destroy valuable forest
plants could form the basis of profitable medicines may become extinct
soil that can take thousands of years to form can be stripped away
reduces moisture in the air that resultes in a drier climate
hot desert
thar desert in rajasthan,india
its the most densley populated desert in the world
opportunities -
jaisalmer wind park ( indias largest wind park)
tourism , desert safaris on camels
annual desert festival each winter
indira ghandi canal has revolutionised farming
challenges-
extreme temperatures - meant high rates of evaporation so water shortages
water supply - storage ponds ( johads - evaporate , tobas - contaminated)
inaccessiblity - many places only accessible by camel