Java chapter 6
a structure that allows repeated execution of a block of statements.
loop
loop body
the block of statements that executes when the Boolean expression that controls the loop is true.
iteration
one loop execution.
while loop
Definition:
a construct that executes a body of statements continually as long as the Boolean expression that controls entry into the loop continues to be true.
definite loop
a loop that executes a predetermined number of times; a counted loop. Contrast with indefinite loop.
counted loop
Definition:
a definite loop.
indefinite loop
a loop in which the final number of iterations is unknown. Contrast with definite loop.
loop control variable
a variable whose value determines whether loop execution continues.
infinite loop
a loop that never ends.
empty body
a loop block with no statements in it.
counter-controlled loop
a definite loop. Contrast with event-controlled loop.
incrementing
the act of adding 1 to a variable.
decrementing
Definition:
the act of subtracting 1 from a variable.
event-controlled loop
an indefinite loop in which the number of executions is determined by user actions. Contrast with counter-controlled loop.
sentinel
a value that stops a loop.
Validating data
the process of ensuring that a value falls within a specified range.
priming input
the first input statement prior to a loop that will execute subsequent input statements for the same variable.
counting
the process of continually incrementing a variable to keep track of the number of occurrences of some event.
accumulating
the process of repeatedly increasing a value by some amount to produce a total.
add and assign operator ( += )
an operator that alters the value of the operand on the left by adding the operand on the right to it; composed of a plus sign and an equal sign.
subtract and assign operator ( -= )
an operator that alters the value of the operand on the left by subtracting the operand on the right from it; it is composed of a minus sign and an equal sign.
multiply and assign operator ( *= )
an operator that alters the value of the operand on the left by multiplying the operand on the right by it; composed of an asterisk and an equal sign.
divide and assign operator ( /= )
an operator that alters the value of the operand on the left by dividing the operand on the right into it; composed of a slash and an equal sign.
remainder and assign operator ( %= )
an operator that alters the value of the operand on the left by assigning the remainder when the left operand is divided by the right operand; composed of a percent sign and an equal sign.
prefix increment operator
an operator that is composed by placing two plus signs to the left of a variable; it adds 1 to the variable, then evaluates it. Contrast with postfix increment operator.
postfix increment operator
an operator that is composed by placing two plus signs to the right of a variable; it evaluates the variable, then adds 1 to it. Contrast with prefix increment operator.
prefix decrement operator
an operator that subtracts 1 from a variable before evaluating it.
postfix decrement operator
an operator that subtracts 1 from a variable after evaluating it.
for loop
a loop that can be used when a definite number of loop iterations is required and that contains initialization, testing, and altering of a loop control variable.
do-nothing loop
a loop that performs no actions other than looping.
pretest loop
a loop in which the loop control variable is tested before the loop body executes. Contrast with posttest loop.
do…while loop
a loop that executes a loop body at least one time; it checks the loop control variable at the bottom of the loop after one repetition has occurred.
posttest loop
a loop in which the loop control variable is tested after the loop body executes. Contrast with pretest loop.
Nested loops
describes loops when one is contained within another.
inner loop
a loop that is contained entirely within another loop.
outer loop
a loop that contains another loop.
Loop fusion
the technique of combining two loops into one.
subtract and assign operator ( –= )
an operator that alters the value of the operand on the left by subtracting the operand on the right from it; it is composed of a minus sign and an equal sign.