history
name the 6 stages of political development of Al andalus
the dependent emirate of damascus, the independent emirate or baghdad, the cordoba caliphate, the taifa kingdoms,the north african empires and the nasrid kingdom of granada
where was established the capital of al andalus
in Córdoba
who was the only prince who survive
abderraman
when did abderraman apointed himself what
756, emir of the caliphate
when did the king of Castilla conquered toledo
in 1085, it was alfonso vi
when did the christians defeated the almohads
in 1212 in the battle of las navas de tolosa, it was alfonso viii
2 groups of the north african empires
almoravids and almohads
what did the almohads do
conquered the whole almoravid empire
when did the almohads defeated the almoravids
in the Battle of alarcos in 1195
which was the only territory that muslims had
granada
souks
where muslims took place its trade
society in Al-andalus
muslims: arabs, berbers and muladies (converted to islam)
non-muslim: mozarabs (christians) and jews
slaves
muslim women that had to obey their father an husband
muslims defeated visigoths
in 711in the battle of guadalete
pyrenean zone
charlemagne wanted to put a border but muslims dont want and defeated them in 778 in the battle of roncesvalles
3 regions of pyrenean zone
pamplona: expelled the carolingians
aragon: separated the frankish kingdom
Barcelona: wilfredo the haitry took control of cataluña
defeated the muslims
pelayo did at the battle of covadonga in 722, they called it the kingdom of asturias
alfonso i
expand towards pamplona y galicia, invaded the valle del ebro
alfonso ii
increase royal power, in 1164 became king
alfonso iii
expanded until the valle del duero
who unified this countries
fernan gonzalez
who took control of castilla
sancho iii
1st king of castilla
fernando i in 1065, he unified this kingdoms
crown of castilla
1230 fernando iii, he avanced to the valle del guadalquivir
the expansion
jaime i conquered mallorca and valencia an then in 1442 alfonso v conquered naples
repopulation
1 stage: 8-10 centuries, presura system, reached the valle del duero
2 stage: 11-12 centuries, municipalities, valle del tajo and valle del ebro
3 stage: 13 century, valle del guardiana and valle del guadalquivir, redistribution system
society
privileged: didnt pay tax, own lands
unprivileged: pay tax
minority people
mudéjar: muslim living in a christian kingdom
jews: had royal protection and jewish quarters
Crisis
malnutrition, black death, social conflicts, religious persecution
rural rebellions
irmandiño: 1467-1469
war of remences: 1460 cataluña
urban rebellions
biga vs busca, barcelona
persecutions
pogroms: 1391 and 1473, christians attack the jewish quarters
mudjear: suffered attacks
both: expellen in the 15 and 16 centuries
3 types of art
asturian, mozarab and romanesque
asturian art
8-10 centuries, poor materials, copy visigoth art, semicircular arches, barrel vaults, vasilica floor plan, painted freshcoes
mozarab art
10 century, muslim mix with christian, horsesarches, horseshoe vault, poor materials, barrel vaults and small with thik walls
romanesque art
11 century, 2 types
french: north peninsula
lombard: cataluña, icons, blind arches, bell towers and thick walls
painting and sculpture
educational, porticoes, paint on apses and vaults