Ethics mid 2
He was a Dominican friar and one of the most important thinkers of the Scholastic period in the Middle Ages (Medieval Philosopher) influnced by Aristotle Teachings.
St. Thomas Aquinas
His ethics is grounded with Christian Morality Teachings
St. Thomas Aquinas
was a way of studying philosophy and theology by combining faith and reason.
Scholasticism
a major work explaining Christian theology and natural law.
Summa Theologica
st. Thomas Book
Summa Theologica
His ideas helped shape modern philosophy, law, and even human rights
St. Thomas Aquinas
He combined Christian beliefs with the philosophy of Aristotle to explain ethics, law, and human purpose.
St. Thomas Aquinas
He believed that faith and reason work together to help people understand truth, especially about God and morality.
St. Thomas Aquinas
Three parts of Aquinas Voluminous Work
Prima Pars
Secunda Pars
Tertia Pars
Aquinas speaks of God. Acknowledging that our limited human intellect cannot fully grasp Him, we are able to say something about His goodness, might and His creative power
Prima Pars (First Part)
About God and Creation
Prima Pars (First Part)
Happiness which shouldn't rests ultimately on any particular good thing that is created by God but in the highest good which is God himself
Secunda Pars (Second Part)
About Human Actions and Morality
Secunda Pars (Second Part)
Deals with man or dynamic of human life which is characterized by our pursuit of happiness.
Secunda Pars (Second Part)
Jesus as our savior.Salvation is only possible through the presence of God's grace
Tertia Pars (Third Part)
About Jesus and Salvation
Tertia Pars (Third Part)
is about developing the capacities given to us by God into a disposition of virtue inclined toward the good.
CHRISTIAN LIFE
directs our moral thinking
CONSCIENCE
he believed that humans have free will, meaning they can choose between good and evil.
Aquinas
they can choose between good and evil
Human Actions and Free Will
Our actions are morally good when they lead us toward God and bad when they turn us away from Him.
Human Actions and Free Will
there are universal moral principles placed in human nature by God
The Natural Law
He developed the concept of Natural Law, which states that there are universal moral principles placed in human nature by God.
Thomas Aquinas
People naturally know that stealing or lying is wrong because moral law is written in their hearts.
The Natural Law
The Greek Heritage (Two Greek Philosopher Thinkers)
plato
Aristotle
Plato's work
The republic
believed that everything in the world has four causes-four explanations for why something exists the way it does.
aristotle
Four cause
Material
Formal
efficient
Final
What it is made of
MATERIAL CAUSE
A being is unique individual being because it is made up of a particular "stuff" or This is the physical material that makes up something.
MATERIAL CAUSE
The "shape" that makes a being a particular kind or This is the form, structure, or design of something.
FORMAL CAUSE
Material of any being takes on a particular shape so a bird is different from a cat which is also different from a man.
FORMAL CAUSE
What shape or design it has
FORMAL CAUSE
Refers to something which brings about the presence of another being
EFFICIENT CAUSE
This is who or what made it happen.
EFFICIENT CAUSE
How it came to exist
EFFICIENT CAUSE
This is the goal or purpose of something.
FINAL CAUSE
What is its purpose?)
FINAL CAUSE
he explained the process of becoming or the possibility of change that takes place in a being.
Anistotle
A being may carry in itself certain potentials but these require being actualized.
POTENCY AND ACT
process of becoming or the possibility of change that takes place in a being.
POTENCY AND ACT