POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
systematic study of state in its state elements aspects and relationships
political science
it comprise the the population of the inhabitants of teh state
people
land within boundaries
territories
the fourth element of the state supreme authority
sovereignty
machinery of the state
government
complete authority rule over the people within the state
internal souverignty
power outside the state
external sovereignty
state arose through evolution, evolved from the family, then clan and later tribe
patriarchal theory
ordained by god upon kings
divine right theory of kings
order and peace can be attained and natural rights are submitted to the king
social contract theory of hobbes
substitute for anarchy to be true state, general will, nakakagawa sila ng sarili nilang law
social cobtract theory of rousseau
preserve their rights to life, liberty and property to civil society, eights na hindi kayang agawin sa atin
social contract theory or Locke
Might is right: Hitlers Dictum Only force rules, Force is the law, from rhe barrel of a gun
Force Theory
state is natural that eveolves
natural theory
state develop economic wants
economic theory
self preservation and security
intinctive theory
concentrates power on one organ
unitary government
rule by selected few, their interests first before the interest of the community
oligarchy
example of constitutional monarchy
England
Much Extreme dictatorship
totalitarianism
ruled by kinds and queens in a throne
monarchy
ruled by fewv, best member of the community
aristocracy
ruled by few but not came from nobility
oligarchy
government by the people
democracy
selected body officials cjosen by the people
representative
Example of totalitarianism
north Korea
who said democracy is a government vy the people, of the people and for the people
Abraham Lincoln
it is also known as dual government and autonomy with shared revenue
federal
elected by popular vote indelendent of the legislative body tyat needs check and balance
presidential government
prime miister or premier and his cabinet
parliamentary
government of the state which has the general support of the people
de jure government (government of law)
exercises power or control without legal title
de facto government (government of fact)
Royal Audiencia
Supreme Court
order of the supreme courts to transmit the records of the case to the superior court
ceteriorari
written order
prohibition
mandamus is ___
affirmative remedy
prohibition is a _____
negative remedy
no other speedy remedy
mandamus
deciver an office or franchise from an individual corporatioj usurping or unlawfully holding it
quo warranto
kind of war that was renounced un article 2, section 2 of the 1987 constitution?
Aggressive War
Philippines is a ____
Democratic and Republican
Sovereignty resides in the _____
people
The separation of church and the state is ___
inviolable
law to search a particular palce for evidence of a crime and seize it if found
search warrant
right to lie, liberty and security
amparo
the right to bring themselves in teh court, their body
habeas corpus
authorizes the arrest or detention of a person
warrant of arrest
the head of the government in the Philippines during Spanish era
Governor-General
Tax Collector
emcomienda
they are leader of the town or pueblo, municipality
Gobernadorcillio
they are mayores in provincial units
Alcalde Mayor
all apointed and elecyed officials were Filipinos by ten year period by american government
Commonwealth Government
first government
military government
second government
civil government
third government
commonwealth government
The Philippine Bill of 1902 is also knows as
Cooper Act
sole power to declare existence of a state if war
Congress
barangay is contain of ___ families
300-100 families
who is the barangay announcer
umalohokan
What RA or the NIR NEgros Island Region conposed of Nwgros Occidental, Negros Oriental, and Siquijor signed by President Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr.
RA 12000
this are not Legitimate children
those born out of a valid marriage of parents
it is a process where a child born out of wedlock which considered legitimate by fiction of law due to the subsequent valid marriage
legitimation
policy adopted in the constitution to assure public of accountability and transparency
full public disclosure policy (FDP)
what mandates Full Disclosure Policy FD
DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2010-083
RA 4200 MEANS
Wire Tapping, secretly overhear
Violated by Wire Tapping
The right to privacy of communication
smallest sub unit of government in tye Philippines
barangay
partially a lf governing states or regions united by a central government
federal
should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole
socialism
centralized and dictatorial wnd requires complete subsequent to the state
Totalitarianism
In England, Queen Elizabeth ascts as a head of the state, what form of government?
constitutional monarchy
Right violated when one opens a letter without permission
right ri privacy of communication amd correspondence
Data Privacy Act is___
Republic Act No. 10173
Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 is ___
RA 10175
Marcos Regime type of government
Parliamentary
This tupe of government where the hear of the government prime minister is elected by, and responsible to, the parliamentary
Parliamentary Government
all appropriation, revenue or tariffs bills shall arr originate exclusively in the:
House of representatives
it composed of not more than 250 members
house of representatives
in the house of representatives in 250 members, 20 percent are____
Partiy-list
how many senators
24
how many members of supreme court
1 chief justices and 14 associate justice
how old to be qualified in supreme court?
40 years old
how many years of experience to be judge of lower court to be qualified in supreme court
15 years
to be oart of supreme court, they should be member of
Philippine Bar
private property after receiving just compensation
eminent domain
imposed burdens for the purpose of raising revenues
power of taxation
established all kanner of wholesome and reasonable laws, statutes and ordinances either penalties or without
police power
vetoed bill re-passed in congress becomes a law with a
2/3 vote of all the members both of the houses
person who owes allehiance to teh country andnthe responsibility to defend it from enemies
citizens
they came to other country because of the war and othe problems
refugees
any vhild born to Filipino parents regardless of their location
jus sanguinis
the child born by place
jus soli
it is given in the united states with two citizenship
dual citizenship
foreigners wants to become a Filipino and they apply ______
naturalization
legal act or process by which a non-national of a country acquires the nationality of that country after birth
naturalization
RA 9225
Dual Citizenship Law (Citizenship Retention and Reacquisition
in dual citizenship, to acquire the Filipino citizenship again, what day should both mother and father born to acquire Filipino citizenship ?
born on and after 17, January 1973
what happened when his/her father is born before January 17, 1973 but his/her mother is a Filipino citizen?
apply Filipino citizenship upon reaching the age of majority 18 years old
Tanod Bayan eho shall act promptly on complaints filed in any form or mabner against public offocials or employees of the government?
ombudsman
who are Members of the Supreme Court may be removed from office only by impeachment. This is clear from Section 2,I Article XI of the Constitution. Further, Section 3(1) thereof vests in the House of Representatives the exclusive power to initiate all cases of impeachment.
justices
there powers over all controversies between/among government agencies, including government owned and controlled corporations including their subsidiaries
secretary of justice
the principal representative of the state in all matters related to the adjudication of criminal offenses. He has a hand in virtually every decision made in the legal course of every case that comes before the criminal courts.
prosecutor
problem is created when Filipinas are illegally sent to otger countries as mail order brides and end up in prostitution houses
humab trafficking
Human Trafficking is also known as Anti- Mail Order Bride Law or RA____
RA 6955
In 1990, it is a law that protect Filipino Women and uphold human dignity
RA 6955
AN ACT TO DECLARE UNLAWFUL THE PRACTICE OF MATCHING FILIPINO WOMEN FOR MARRIAGE TO FOREIGN NATIONALS ON A MAIL ORDER BASIS AND OTHER SIMILAR PRACTICES, INCLUDING THE ADVERTISEMENT, PUBLICATION, PRINTING OR DISTRIBUTION OF BROCHURES, FLIERS AND OTHER PROPAGANDA MATERIALS IN FURTHERANCE THEREOF AND PROVIDING PENALTY
6955
recruitment of people through force , fraud or deception to aim profit
human trafficking
violence in the pursuit of political aims
terrorism
copying, sharing and use of copyrighted materials
piracy
what lae of citizens in inimical to the national interest and shall be dealt with the law
Article IV section 5
Law kf the Philippines prohibits _____ which coevrs aliens who have embrace Philippines citizenship but they still retained their former citizenship in their mother country
Dual Allegiance
They remove you the right ti vote
disinfranchise
the process by which elected officials are evaluated and subjected to the possible dismissal from office with a certain percentage of the electorate initiating the movement of______
recall
it is the direct selection by the people of public officials to govern them from barangay kagawad to the president of the republic
election
it is the process by which the people will answer yes or no to the question of law or policy
plebiscite
it is the process through which the electric may initiate revisions or amendments to the constitution however an applicable law is yet to be made for this process
Initiative
it is used to determine if the people will ratify a charter or a constitution or approve or disapprove amendments of the same
referendum
Amendments to the constitution may be directly proposed by the people through initiative upon a petition of at least _____
12%
Amendments to the constitution may be directly proposed by the people through initiative upon a petition of at least twelve per centurn (12%) of the total number of registered voters, of which every legislative district must be represented by at least
3%
as stated in the article 4 section 1 of 1987 constitution the legislative power shall be vested in the bicameral or two house congress consisting of a _____ and a _____
senate and house of representatives
unless otherwise provided by the law the regular election of the senators and the members of the house of representatives shall be held on the ____
2nd Monday of May (May 9)
an article that stated that election should be 2nd monday of may
Article 6, Section 8 and 9
the role of taxation shall be uniform and equitable the congress shall evolve a ________system of taxation
progressive tax
a tax which upper income families pay a larger share of their income in tax than do those with lower incomes
progessive tax
it is a tax which requires the poor and middle income to pay a larger share of their incomes in taxes than the rich
regressive tax
it is a tax that takes the same percentage of income from everyone regardless of how much or how little they earn
proportional tax
this tax is on financial income generated by all entities within their jurisdiction including individuals and businesses
income tax
this type of tax is imposed on the profit of a business
corporate tax
a tax that is came from the sale of certain assets including stocks bonds and or real estate
capital gains
A property tax is asses by a local government and paid for by the owner of a property. This tax is calculated based on property and land values.
property tax
is a tax paid by a person who inherits money or property of a person who has died, whereas an estate tax is a levy on the estate (money and property) of a person who has died.
inherit tax
is a consumption tax applied to the purchase price of goods and services.
VAT
it is a consumption tax that is imposed upon the cost of goods and services.
GST Goods and Services Tax
it is the tax for laxarious goods
ad valorem tax
a tax for cigarettes and liquors
sin tax
maternity leaves are extended to women what legal provisions extends this
Article XIII Section 14 WOMEN
RA 11210, Act of maternity leave, how many days
105 days
how many days in maternity leave additional for solo parents
15 days
what does presumption of innocence mean in so far as human right is concerned. A suspect____
remains innocent until proven guilty
the basis of an employment relationship and are in place to protect employees from unfair treatment. These rights cover a wide range of issues such as pay, working hours, and discrimination. No employment contract is able to undermine these rights, and any attempt to do so is likely to be illegal.
statutory right
the right to a minimum wage is an example of what right
Statutory Right
a contract outlining the terms under which one party agrees to rent an asset—in this case, property—owned by another party and for long period of time
for Lease
for short period of time
for rent
for rent and for lease is an example of _____ because theirs a limitation of your rights
imperfect rights
something that a person is allowed to do or have because it is fair and legal. It can be a power, privilege, or immunity that is protected by the law
perfect right
basic rights that include the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
natural rights
rights are those that can be transferred or waived by an individual, whereas inalienable rights cannot be transferred or given up.
alienable rights
All persons subject to legislation shall be treated alike under similar circumstances and conditions both in the privileges conferred and liabilities imposed.
Equal Protection of Laws
Why we need to regulate political dynasties
to strengthen democracy and promote inclusiveness
eminent domain is also known as
expropriation
What article does quality education is for all
Article 14 section 1
refers to the land occupied possessed and utilized by individual families and class who are members of the iccs or ips
Ancestral lands
it is a violence by someone in the victims of domestic circle
Domestic Violence
how dab domestic violence best minimized
effective education on the family life
Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act
RA 9344
no person shall be accused with the same cases
double jeopardy
the right of a person to freely choose his place of residence is called
right of abode
Violates Libel
the right to one's honor and reputation
it is a false defamatory statement that liabilities statements are written and disseminated to a third party
libel
it is a false defamatory statement that is spoken allowed
slander
with which are the words cha-cha and con as associated
amendment of the present constitution
ChaCha refers to the constitutional reforms and revisions of amendments in the country's constitution
Charter Change
composed of all members of the bicameral Congress of the Philippines (Senate and the House of Representatives).
Constitutional Assembly
stands as a direct expression of the people's will providing a means of for citizens to propose constitutional amendments
people's initiative
it is under the constitution can be amended or revised through a constitutional assembly through a vote for of 3/4 of all members
constituent assembly
it is where the people elect delegates to propose amendments and revisions to the constitution
constitutional convention
TRAIN LAW or Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Law
RA 10963
supports the build build build build program by duterte
the tax reform for acceleration and inclusion act or TRAIN LAW
A bill may become a law, even without the President's signature, if the President does not sign a bill within ___ days from receipt in his office.
30
the final copy of the bill is also known as the____
enrolled bill
votes to approve the constitution
3/4
votes to approve bill
2/3
no person shall be deprived of life, loverty, of property without due process of law
article III BILL OF RIGHTS
stone of all systems of effective administration of justice is______
judicial independence
this refers to the exercise of power or authority by political leaders for the well-being of their country citizens or inhabitants and is also based on the realization that the government alone cannot do everything for the people
governance
the power to give borders
authority
no one be above the law, lahat ay pantay-pantay
rule of law
greek word lf governance
kubernan
latin word of governance
gubernare
the characteristic of good governance emphasizes that every person or group is responsible for their actions
accountability
the characteristic of good governance emphasizes that every person or group is responsible for their actions
transparency
define contribution from both men and women towards the development of society
participation
describing how fast the responses will be from everyone or every entity associated with the governance
responsiveness
appropriate implementation of flow without bias or partially and ensuring that the rights are protected against any threat
rule of law
define the different governance approaches need to be taken to focus on the interest of broader population sections with ease
consensus oriented
involves all processes and measures taken for making the government more efficient and effective so that all protocols are valid
effectiveness and efficiency
measure that will include different groups cools age groups genders professions and more while ensuring that no disparity is done
equality and inclusiveness
who shall be the sole judge of all the contest relating to the election of the president and vice president of the philippines
supreme court
what article does the supreme court is the sole judge in the election of VP AND PRESIDENT
Article 4 Section 7
AN ACT CONSTITUTING AN INDEPENDENT PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORAL TRIBUNAL TO TRY HEAR AND DECIDE PROTESTS CONTESTING THE ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT AND THE VICE-PRESIDENT-ELECT OF THE PHILIPPINES AND PROVIDING FOR THE MANNER OF HEARING THE SAME.
RA 1793
which of the following refers to the intersection of cultural aspect of the nation and political aspect of the state
nation-statw
these are ideologies that emphasize government power and authority often at the expense of individual freedom
leftist ideas
these are ideologies that follow individual freedom over government control
rightist ideas
it is a perspective typically embraces ideals of equality social justice and collective responsibility advocating for government intervention to address social inequalities and to provide public services this includes social democracy socialism and communism
left wing
this perspective primarily champion social conservatism limited government intervention in the economic marketplace capitalism the importance of personal responsibility and the primacy of traditional values this ideology include neoliberalism, populism and fascism
right wing
restrictions of the president's power to declare martial law is that there must be an ___
invasion or rebellion and public safety requires the proclamation or suspension
how many hours does the president must submit a report to congress in person or in writing within _____ hours after the declaration or suspension
48 hours
In case of invasion and rebellion, martial law may be declared in the country or a part of it, and the writ of habeas corpus may be suspended. Both martial law and the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus may not exceed a period of____
60 days
all of them declares Philippines Martial Law
Marcos Sr., Gloria Arroyo, and Duterte
When does Ferdinand Marcos Sr. Declares Martial Law?
1972
What event does Martial Law during Gloria Arroyo during December 7,2009
Maguindanao Massacre
What event does Martial Law during Duterte in 2017
Marawi Siege
who also declared that a state of war existed between the Philippines and the United States and Great Britain through Proclamation #30 issued the next day, September 22, 1944.
Laurel
This are also known as Second Level Courts, which were established among the thirteen Judicial regions in the Philippines
Regional Trial Courts
How many RTCS or regional trial court
13
a panel of 3 judges, called "justices," decides appeals from trial courts. Each district (or division, in the case of the First, Second, and Fourth Appellate Districts) has a presiding justice and 2 or more associate justices.
Court of Appeals
the decisions in the RTC can be appealed in
Court of Appeals
Supreme Court is also known as ____
last resort, apex court, and high (or final) court of appeal, and court of final appeal, is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts.
tries and decides criminal and civil cases against government officials and employees accused of graft and corruption and similar other offenses.
sandiganbayan
It has 1 chief justice and 68 associate justices
Court of Appeals
1 chief justice and 14 associate justices
supreme court
general pardon extended to a group classes of person and is exercised by the chief executive with the concurrence of congress bring about the return dissidents and recalcitrant
amnesty
there's a legal forgiveness of a crime it is a formal dismissal of charges against a person
pardon
it is the postponement of the execution of a sentence that will happen later
reprive
a blanket pardon offered to a group of low breakers
amnesty
it is a suspension of a punishment for a less severe punishment
commutation
it is when in his presence the person to be arrested has committed in actually committing or is attempting to commit an offense
In Flagrante delicto
public official vested with the authority to hear, determine, and preside over legal matters brought in a court of law.
judge
the power, right, or authority to interpret and apply the law.
jurisdiction
arrests are permissible without a warrant under Rule 113, Section 5(a) of the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure. This provision applies when a person has committed, is actually committing, or is attempting to commit an offense in the presence of the arresting officer.
In flagrante delicto" or "caught in the act
flagrante delicto is also known as
caught in the act
if the offender is a public office officer invested with power to arrest and detain the person and dating a person without legal grounds
arbitrary detention
The penalties provided for in article 124 shall be imposed upon any public officer or employee who delays for the period of time specified therein the performance of any judicial or executive order for the release of a prisoner or detention prisoner, or unduly delays the service of the notice of such order to said prisoner or the proceedings upon any petition for the liberation of such person.
delaying release
The penalty of prision correccional shall be imposed upon
any public officer or employee who, not being thereunto authorized by law, shall expel
any person from the Philippine Islands or shall compel such person to change his
residence.
expulsion
Ana borrowed Maria's car for a week. After a week, Ana did not return Maria's car. When Maria asked for the return of her car, Ana refused and she continued to use it as if it was her own.
estafa
estafa is also kmown as
fraud
Any public officer who shall apply any public fund or property under his administration to any public use other than for which such fund or property were appropriated
malversation
This is usually done by hiding the items in clothing or bags brought into the store
theft
agapito taxi driver had a in the business in the sum of 50,000 due to this week he still not raise the money one day he found a wallet on the passenger seat containing 50,000 pesos thinking that it is god's answer to his prayers he took the money and pay his debt what crime did he commit
theft
taking a woman's wallet from her purse when she is not looking, breaking a car window out to steal items from the inside, and stopping someone in the street to forcibly take their belongings
robbery
this refers to legislative act with which inflicts punishment without a trial
bill of attainder
legislation that penalizes a party for taking actions that may be illegal today but was not illegal at the time the act was committed
ex-post facto law
Where an act expires by its own limitation, the effect is the same as though it had been repealed at the time of its expiration.
self-repealing law
who claims that right to freedom is the only orginal right of a person
Immanuel kant
One Latin term every paralegal should know is non bis in idem, which means “not twice at the same time. Also known as double jeopardy
Ne bis in idem
latin word of ignorance of the law is no excuse
Ignorantia legis non excusat.
latin word of law is not a retroactive
Lex Retro Non agit
no punishment without law /prohibits retroactivity of law
nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege
the right to personal security was identified as the first of the three absolute and natural rights by william blackstone what were the other two
the right to personal liberty and roght of provate property
Abraham Lincoln is a____
legal-rational
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. used his public speaking abilities and magnetism to inspire African Americans to stand up against injustice in an extremely hostile environment. He is an example of a(n) __________ leader.
charismatic
Julius Ceasar is a
traditional
United States of America is a _____ government
Federal
the “third sector” of the society, along with government and business
civil society
Anti-violence against women and their children Act (VAWC Act)
RA 9262
Which is not valid from its Inception or commencement marriage. In other words it is invalid from the very beginning.
void marriage
Valid until annulled,it can be assailed collaterally in a process of proceeding. (may bisa hanggat hindi napapawalang say say at maaring mapawalang say say)and cannot be source of right.
voidable marriage
is used in legal parlance to refer to a marriage that is void from the start. This means that the marriage is considered to have never existed, and the parties to the marriage are not considered to be husband and wife.
void ab initio
the spanish governor general would like a monarch in the philippines and maranias carolines and palaos then part of the hispanic philippines for many reasons except
directly appoint parish priest and settle religious controversies
these are the powers which every government possesses and can exercise because they exist as an institute of sovereignty
inherent powers
an act of presenting one's claim answers or arguments in defense or prosecution of an action
pleading
a ruler who follows the axiom the will of the king is the law of the land
despot
occurs when a person or business illegally avoids paying their tax liability
tax evasion
the legal usage of the tax regime in a single territory to one's own advantage to reduce the amount of tax that is payable by means that are within the law.
tax avoidance
it refers to the ratio of tax collection to gross domestic product gdp or to the total value of goods and services produced and paid for within an economy in a given period
tax effort
preservation of individual liberty and maximination of freedom
liberalism
means that there is no central ruler or governing body simply no government
anarchism
a political system in which one ruler or leader has complete power and authority over a country.
absolutism
a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, stressing established institutions, and preferring gradual development to abrupt change
conservatism
this theory underscores that taxes are indispensable to the existence of the state
The lifeblood theory
leans on the principle that “Taxation power is not the power to destroy while the court sits.” Taxation is used to build and encourage activities by the grant of tax incentives.
Holmes Doctrine
The power to tax involves the power to destroy." Taxation power can be used as an instrument of police power. It can be used to discourage or prohibit undesirable activities or occupation. As such, taxation power carries with it the power to destroy. However, the taxation power does not include the power to destroy of it is used solely for the purpose of raising revenue.
Marshall Doctrine
taxes may be imposed retroactively by law (ex post facto law) but, unless so expressed by such law, these taxes must only be imposed prospectively
Prospectivity of Tax Laws
Claim for refund which is prevented by prescription may be allowed to be used as payment for unsettled tax liabilities if both taxes arise from the same transaction in which overpayment is made and underpayment is due.
Doctrine of equitable recoupment
misrepresentation made by one party toward another who relied therein in good faith will be held true and binding against that person who made the misrepresentation. The government is not subject to estoppel. The error of any government employee does not bind the government. It is held that the neglect or omission of government officials entrusted with the collection of taxes should not be allowed to bring harm or detriment to the interest of the people. Also, erroneous applications of the law by public officers do not block the subsequent correct application of the same.
doctrine of estoppel
prescription is the lapsing of a right due to the passage of time. When one sleep on his right over an unreasonable period of time, he is presumed to be waiving his right. The government's right to collect taxes does not prescribe the law itself provides for such prescription.
Imprescriptibility
This provides that a taxpayer suit can only be allowed if the act involves a direct and illegal disbursement of public funds derived from taxation. A case where the act complained of directly involves the illegal disbursement of public funds derived from taxation.
Tax Suit
Taxpayers have _____ to question the validity of tax measures or illegal expenditures of public money
locus standi
only one tax law is allowed to apply to the tax object while the other tax law exempts the same tax object
provision of tax exemption
countries may stipulate for a lower tax rates for their residents if they engage in transactions that are taxable by both of them
Entering into treaties or bilateral agreements
Tax of a fixed amount imposed on persons residing within a specified territory, whether citizens or not, without regard to their property or the occupation or business in which they may be engaged
persomal, poll or capitation
Tax imposed on property, whether real or personal, in proportion either to its value, or in accordance with some other reasonable method of apportionment
property
Any tax which does not fall within the classification of a poll tax or a property tax
excise
Tax which demanded from the person who also shoulders the burden of the tax; or tax for which the taxpayer is directly liable for which he cannot shift to another
direct
Tax which is demanded from one person in the expectation and the intention that he shall indemnify himself at the expense of another, falling finally upon the ultimate purchaser or consumer; or tax imposed upon goods before they reach the consumer who ultimately pays for it not as tax but as part of purchase price
indirect
Tax of a fixed amount imposed by the head or number, or some standard of weight or measurement
specific
Tax based on affixed percentage of the amount of the property, receipts or other basis to be taxed
Proportional
it is the lifeblood of the state
tax
following the principle that no man is above the law which among the following statements is true about the president
the president is not immune from the suit after tenure of office
The President shall be immune from suit during his tenure
Article VII Section 7 of the 1973 Philippine Constitution
in 1991 ussr split into separate states 11 of the states joined in a lost political and economic organization this organization is known as
Commonwealth of Independent States
it is a type of government where all voters in the community meet to make laws and decide actions
direct democracy
ancient civilization ttat practice theocratic government
ancient Egypt
Leader in Bataan forces that give up/surrender in Japanese Forces
Edward P. King
short time president
Sergio osmenia
innagurated president of the Japanese sponsored of Philippine Republic
Jose P. Laurel
it was appointed as chairman of the philippine executive commission during the japanese occupation
Jorge B. Vargas
it is an agreement among individuals within a social group to avoid a certain rules and laws it is the basic concept that is consent of people within a society to be subject to rules and laws gives those rules and laws legitimacy
social contract theory
an official agency service standard document, or a pledge, that communicates, in simple terms, information on the services provided by the government to its citizens.
citizens charter
objective of the non the nuclear non-proliferation treaty is ____
to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons
foremost fogure of the woman suffrage movement in Britain
Emmeline Pankhurst
country parliament known as the Knesset?
Israel