Science
is any place wherein organisms live while continuously interacting with the other living and nonliving components
Ecosystem
- is the process of plants use to make their own "food"
Photosynthesis
The process can be summarized as
sunlight + carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen
Raw Materials
sunlight + carbon dioxide + water
End Product
glucose + oxygen
the main product of photosynthesis
-a sugar that acts as the "food" source for plants.
Glucose (C6H12O6)
glucose is converted into chemical energy during cellular respiration
ATP (Adenosine TriPhosphate)
formed during photosynthesis, which is necessary for animal life, is essentially a waste product of the photosynthesis process
Oxygen
The kitchen of the plant is the
Leaf
Waxy layer water proofing upper leaves.
Cuticle
Upper layer of cells. No chloroplasts.
Protection
Upper epidermis
Strongly packed upper layer of chloroplast containing cells.
Palisade Mesophyll
The lower layer of chloroplast containing cells. Air spaces around them
Spongy Mesophyll:
Refers to a single layer of cells on the
lower surface of the leaf that
Lower Epidermis
use for transport
Vascular Bundle
carry water and minerals throughout the plant.
Xylem
transport of food in the form of sucrose
Phloem
Two cells surrounding stomata that control rate of gas & water exchange
Guard Cells
allows the entrance of the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis
Stomata
Plant cells and some algae contain an organelle called the
chloroplast
this pigment that imparts a
green color to plant parts and serves to capture light energy
Chlorophyll
is made up of stacks of disc-shaped structures known as thylakoids
Grana-
colorless liquid surrounding the grana. The thylakoid lumen is a continuous aqueous phase enclosed by the thylakoid membrane
Stroma
happens in the presence of light that occurs in the thylakoid membrane and converts light energy to chemical energy.
Light-dependent Reaction
The energy harvested during this stage is stored in the form of
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) and NADPH (Nicotinamide
Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Hydrogen)
phase that takes place in
the stroma and converts Carbon dioxide (CO2) into sugar.
Light-independent (Calvin Cycle)
The higher the temperature than typical the greater the rate of photosynthesis
Temperature
An increase in the carbon dioxide concentration increases the rate at which carbon is incorporated into carbohydrate in the light-independent reaction so the rate of photosynthesis generally increases until limited by another factor.
Carbon dioxide
The amount of water available to the plant will affect the rate of photosynthesis
Water
Without enough light, a plant cannot photosynthesize very quickly even if there is plenty of water and carbon dioxide and a suitable temperature
Light