modern africa
One major way conflict inhibits development is by diverting government spending to which sector?
Military forces
In its 2024 Sudan conflict response, UNICEF provided support for how many children?
Over 7 million children
The term for individuals being trapped in poverty across multiple generations is what?
Intergenerational poverty
Approximately how many children in Sub-Saharan Africa do not complete primary education?
1 in 5 children
Africa's total external debt is estimated to be over what amount?
$1.1 trillion
What is a consequence of overstretched water points and sanitation systems in communities?
Increased risk of disease
How many displaced people did Sudan alone have, mostly internally displaced, by 2024?
Over 10 million
What specific aspect of community relations breaks down when fear and insecurity are high?
Community trust
How much in loans did China issue to African governments between 2000 and 2023?
US$182bn+
What is the primary reason why African governments have limited funds for healthcare, education, and infrastructure?
Large proportions of government budgets are spent on debt repayments.
What specific impact does brain drain have on public services?
Shortages of skilled workers weaken public services.
Which country is highlighted as spending around 5 times more on debt repayments than on education?
Angola
The term for when profits are taken out of a country without fair taxation is:
Capital flight
Name one specific impact of high unemployment in communities mentioned in the notes.
Increases poverty and crime
Which of these is a major reason why girls are more likely to miss education in Africa?
Early marriage and caring roles
Which continent has the lowest average life expectancy, estimated at 64 years?
Africa
What does the acronym FLaT stand for in the context of effective revision?
Focused, Long-Term and Transformational
In 2021, how many COVID vaccine doses did the UK pledge, with the first 9 million distributed in Africa?
100 million doses
The migration of skilled workers to richer countries is known as:
Brain drain
When was USAID dissolved and absorbed into the US Department of State?
July 2025
Which UK government office primarily delivers UK bilateral aid?
Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO)
How much official development assistance (ODA) did donor countries provide to Africa in 2023?
$73.6 billion
What percentage of Africa's external debt is held by China?
Around 12%
What percentage of global trade does Africa account for?
Around 3%
What was the UK's aid spending in 2019 as a percentage of GNI?
0.7% of GNI
Which country hosted approximately 680,000–700,000 Sudanese refugees, placing pressure on local services?
Chad
Name two requirements often included in Structural Adjustment Policies (SAPs) from organizations like the IMF.
Cut public spending and privatise services
Name one direct impact of conflict on a country's physical assets and services.
Damages infrastructure
Which US aid program, launched in 2003, has saved approximately 25 million lives from HIV/AIDS?
PEPFAR (HIV/AIDS)
What is one of the primary goals of Mary's Meals, besides improving child nutrition?
Increase school attendance
Approximately how many irregular border crossings were reported at the EU's external borders in 2023?
380,000
How does the illness or early death of a parent affect a household's income?
It reduces household income.
What is the definition of corruption as described in the notes?
The misuse of power for personal gain.
What approximate percentage of people in Sub-Saharan Africa live on less than $2.15 per day?
Around 40%
What was the total cost of asylum support in the UK for 2023-24?
Approximately £4.7 billion