Lab 1 Endocrine
major regulators of levels of calcium. magesium, and phosphate ions
parathyroid
4 small glands, 2 posterior 1 inferior, 1 superior
parathyroid
PTH (chief cells) and oxphil cells (no function)
parathyriod
parathyroid
PTH increase calcium absoprtion from Gi and stimulate osteoclasts to release calcium from bone
Adrenal glands
2 glands that are superior to kidneys
Adrenal cortex
steriod hormones
adrenal medulla
catecholamines, epinephrine, nonrepinephrine
Pancreas
located posterior and inferior to stomach
exocrine and endocrine gland
pancreas
acini (pancreas)
exocrine cells in cluster that produce digestive enzymes
pancreatic islets
antagaonist hormones are insulin and glucagon
Ovaries
produces estrodiol, estrone, progesterone, relaxin, and inhibin
Testes
produces testerone and sperm
hypothalamus
control center of body
regualtes BP, rate/force of HR, digest tract, breathing, pleasure, fear, body temp, hunger, satiety, carcadian rhythm
Hypothalmus
Anterior pituitary gland
adenohypophysis
Posterior pituitary gland
neurohypophysis
Pineal gland
melatonin
Thyroid gland cells
T3, T4-accelerate body growth
calcitonin (Thyroid gland)
lowers blood calcium by inhibiting the actions of osteoclasts
antagonist of parathyroid
calcitonin
infundibulum
a stalk like structure that is a neural connection between hypothalamus and the posteriro lobe of pituitary glands
hypothalamus releasing hormones control secretions of hormones from the...
anterior pituitary gland (adenohypohysis)
hypophyseal portal system
connections between the hypothalamus and anterior lobe of pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)
pars distalis, pars tuberalis
part of the hypophyseal porta system
pars nervosa
part of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
oxytocin and ADH
synthesized by thte neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus
Andrenal cortex
zona glomerulosa
Zona glomerulosa
regulates minerals; aldosterone
Zona fasciculata
adrenal cortex
glucocorticoids: regulates glucose metabolism
zona fasciculata
Zona reticularis
adrenal cortex
androgens: stimulate masculinization ex: dehydroepian-drosterone
zona reticularis
stress hormones: stimulates the sympathetic ANS
Adrenal medulla
after puberty, it begins atrophy due to increase levels of hormones and eventually replaced by fat
thymus gland
plays an important roles in the endocrine, lympathetic, immune
thymus glands
specializes in pathogen detection and interpertation to help support and mount appropriate attack against invadersq
thymus
thymosin
hormone which promotes the proliferation and maturation of T cells