Social Psych
Debriefing
Explaining to the participants, at the end of the experiment, the true purpose of the study and exactly what transpired
Social psychologist would tend to look for explanations of a young man's violent behaviour primarily in terms of
HOw his peer group behaves
How does social psychology differ from personality psychology
Social psychology focuses on the shared processes that make people susceptible to social influence, whereas personality psychology focuses on individual differences
What is the "Level of analysis" for social psychologist
The individual in the context of a social situation
The fundamental attribution error is best defined as the tendency to
Explain our own and other peoples behaviour in terms of personality traits, thereby underestimating the power of social influence
What does the "wall street game" reveal about personality and situation?
The name of the game strongly influences how people play the game
A stranger approaches emily on campus and says he is a professional photographer. He asks if she will spend 15mins posing for pictures next to the student union. According to social psychologist, Emilys decision will depend on...
How Emily construes the situation
Social Psychology has its origins in
Gestalt psychology
"Naive Realism" refers to the phenomenon whereby
Most people believe they perceive things accurately
Researchers who study social cognition assume that people
Try to view the world as accurately as possible
Our beliefs concerning who is responsible for the SNL-Lavalin scandal reflect
How the need for self-justification can fly in the face of the need to be accurate
In which social situation has the induction of fear persuaded individuals to change their lifestyle
When fear induction was applied to smoking cessation campaigns
When recommending interventions to deal with serious social problems, social psychologist must
Act on the basis of scientifically grounded theories about human construal and behaviour
Which of the following social problems are social psychologist MOST likely to study?
How fear motivates people to stop smoking
How would a social psychologist MOST likely respond to the statement "The induction of fear can and does motivate people to take rational, appropriate action to preserve their health"
By stating that fear induction is not effective in all social situations
Social psychology is the study of
The real or imagined influence of other people
For social psychologists, the likely explanation of the mass suicide at Jonestown was
Myriad factors came together that could ensnare almost any healthy person
In social psychology, The level of analysis is
The individual in a social context
What do social psychology and personality psychology have in common
They both focus on the individual
What do social psychology and sociology have in common?
They both are concerned with group processes
In social psychology, why is construal so important?
People's behaviour is affected by their interpretation of events, not only the events themselves
what was the main contribution of Gestalt psychology to social psychology
It showed that the whole is different than the sum of its parts
A social psychologist seeking to change the self-destructive behaviour of smoking might be likely to
scare the daylights out of smokers
Basic assumption that social psychologist make?
Many social problems can be studied scientifically
often affects our interpretation of social psychological findings after the fact
Hindsight Bias
A social psychologist believes that when there is an increase in the number of bystanders there will be an increase in the likelihood of helping behaviour. This is an example of a
Hypothesis
A researcher is interested in whether moods vary by the day of the week. She codes the posting on thousands of facebook pages to see whether people express more positive comments on some days than on others. Which research method has she used
Archival analysis
Strong positive correlation between the number of tweets people send each day and their reported level of happiness. what is the best conclusion he or she can draw from this finding
The happier someone is, the more tweets they are likely to send.
Social psychologists often do experiments in the laboratory instead of the field in order to
increase internal validity
interest to a cross-cultural social psychologist
Whether people in Canada are as likely to exhibit helping behaviour ad people in japan
Research on cross-cultural questionnaires has revealed what about rating scales
they should be used cautiously since cultures may be similar in a construct but respond differently
Social neuroscience is primarily concerned with
The connection between biological processes and social behaviour
If a social psychologist uses deception in a study, participants must be
Fully debriefed after the experiment
Institutional research ethics boards (REBs)
Review psychology research to ensure that the strict guidelines of the Tri council policy statement are met
what is the main ethincal principles of the Canadian psychological association and American psychological association?
Psychologists respect the dignity and worth of all people and the right of individuals to privacy, confidentiality, and self-determination.
Megan reads a research study that shows children who see a lot of violence on television are more likely to be aggressive on the playground. Megan thinks, "This is obvioud; i could have predicted that" Megans reaction to the study is probably an example of..
The hindsight bias
A researcher conducts a study with participants who are university students. The researcher then repeats the study using the same procedures but with members of the general population (i.e., adults) as participants. The results are similar for both samples. The research has established _______ through _______.
External validity; replication
Suppose a psychologist decides to join a local commune to understand and observe its member's social relationships. What type of research is this??
Ethnography
The basic dilemma of the social psychologist is that
There is a trade-off between internal and external validity in most experiments.
Social psychologists are interested in?
How brain activity is related to social information processing
A researcher wants to tell participants he is conducting a study about memory when really he wants to study social behaviour. What ethical principle does this proposal contradict
Informed consent
Best way to external validity of a study
Replicate the study with a different population of people in different setting
Are people from southern Ontario more polite in public places than people from northern Ontaria. - Whats the best method?
This is a correlation method
Summary of the function of schemas
Schemas are useful in helping people organize information about the world, but they are problematic when they result in self-fulfilling prophecies.
Tara recently read a book about social injustice, and now Tara recognizes social injustice in almost every aspect of her life for the first time. This is an example of a schema becoming accessible because of...
Priming
Jill thinks her daughter is not very good reader and doesnt spend much time reading to her. As a result her daughter falls behind in reading at school? This is a example of....
Example of a self-fulfilling prophecy
You're driving home from watching a violent action movie when you see someone talking loudly with a friend. because you saw the movie, you assume that you are witnessing an argument that will probably end in a fight. This is an example of..
Priming
When describing judgement heuristics to someone, you can state that...
They involve quick and efficient decisions but may not always be accurate
You invited a new person over to your apartment and want to make a good impression; in other words, you wan this person to like you? You should...
serve the person a warm drink and hope that he or she holds it in their hands while you are talking to him or her.
According to research in social psychology, why do many people believe their horoscopes are accurate descriptions of who they are and what is likely to happen to them?
Horoscopes are written in a vague way so that most people view them as representative of their personalities and past behaviour.
Definition of analytic thinking?
A type of thinking in which people focus on the properties of object without considering their surrounding context
When are people in the West able to think holistically
When they are primed with pictures taken in Japan
Where do differences in holistic versus analytic thinking come from?
Different physical environments in the East versus the West
researchers took photographs in randomly chosen locations in cities in Japan and the United States. They found that, on aveage, city scenes in japan contained more
Objects that competed for peoples attention
What is social psychology
Social psychology is defined as the scientific study of the way in which people thoughts, feelings and actions are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people
Three types of methods used to study social problems
1. Observational methods
2. Correlational methods
3. Experimental methods
Ethnography is
a method whereby researcher observes a group or culture from the inside without imposing any of their preconceived notions.
Archival Analysis
An examination of the accumulated documents or archives of culture, such as diaries, novels, magazine and newspaper.
Empirical
It emphasizes the importance of data and real-world evidence in forming conclusions