1.C
How does Ethical Egoism define 'altruism' in the context of its factors?
Selfless concern for others, promoting one's self-image.
What is the primary focus of Ethical Egoism as a meta-ethical investigation?
The character of an individual's actions.
In Psychological Egoism, how are people described in relation to being selfish?
They are often unconsciously selfish in their actions.
What is Ethical Egoism's prescriptive stance regarding how one ought to act?
One ought to act selfishly, as it is rational to do so.
What is the fundamental claim of Psychological Egoism regarding human actions?
Every action is ultimately motivated by self-interest.
According to the notes, what is one of the two factors Ethical Egoism is based on?
Pursuing one's personal interest or advantage.
What constitutes 'real' self-interest according to the distinction made in the notes?
Engaging in actions that lead to positive well-being.
Which of the following is an objection raised against Psychological Egoism regarding altruistic acts?
The claim that selfish motivation is untestable.
Psychological Egoism views altruism as what?
An illusion that masks selfish motives.
What characterizes 'apparent' self-interest as described in the notes?
Doing something seemingly positive with negative consequences.