OPTA 215 (Articulatory Stystem and Phonetics)
What is communication?
The process by which information is exchanges between induviduals through a common system of symbols, signs.or behavoir
What are some non verbal communications?
Sounds, Head Movements, Posture, Body Contact, Way of Talking, Apperance, Eye Movement/Contact, Facial Expressions, Sign Language, Body Language, Writing.
How does Sound Occur?
Sound is a disturbance in the air that creates a chain reaction making a wave that put pressure on our ears to detect.
What is Frequency?
Is the back and forth movements of air moleculs in one second, it is measured in Hertz
What is the Human Range for Frequency?
20 Hz to 20000 Hz
What is Pitch?
Perceptual correlate of frequency – the sounds that we hear based on our perceptual judgement
What is Intensity?
Amount of sound pressure occurs as a result of the collision
of air molecules
What is Loudness?
We hear the increase in intensity, it is measured in decibel(dB)
The Vocal Tract
Begins above the vocal cords and ends at the lips and nose, sound is generated in larynx travels through the tract and vibrates in three cavities
What are the Articulators?
Tongue, Hard Palate, Soft Palate, Teeth, Lips
Define Language
Set of symbols that can be writen, spoken, or signed for communication and thought
Define Speech
Our ability to relate meaning to human voice in speech
What is Phoneme?
A speech component, a specific unit of sound. Example Cap and Cab sound similar but the phoneme p and b are what change the meaning of words.
Note that with accents it's called allophonic variation
Manner of Production for STOPS?
Made by completely blocking off the vocal tract, building up air pressure behind a constriction, and exploding the sound.
Manner of Production for GLIDE?
Made by gradually changing the shape of the vocal tract.
Manner of Production for FRICATIVE?
Made by using our tongue to creating a constriction within the vocal tract and then forcing the breath stream through the constriction
Classification of Vowels
Based on where our tongue hight and position
Bilabial
Involves the Lips
Labiodental
Involves the lips and teeth
Ligualdental
Involves the Tongue and Teeth
Alveolar
Involves the Tongue and front of Hard Palate
Palatal
Involves Tongue pressing flat against Hard Palete
Velar
Involves the Tongue and soft Palete
Labiovelar
Involves the Lips and Soft Palete
Glottal
Involve just vocal cords
Characterizing Language Impairments
Form: Articulation
Use: Make eye contact, continue on conversation topic Content: Word knowledge
Sematics
Meaning of words phrase and sentences
Syntax
Formation of proper sentences used to communicate