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Chemistry Test 3

what is electrolysis

The process that splits ionic compounds into their different elements using a solution that conducts electricity.

what are electrolytes

An ionic compound that produces a solution that conducts electricity when dissolved in water.

what is a anode.

Positive electrode.

what is a cathode

Negative electrode.

How many electrodes are there in electrolysis?

2

what is a an anion

Negatively charged ion.

what is a cathode

Positively charged ion.

What is a disadvantage of using electrolysis to extract reactive metals?

high cost of equipment and energy

In the electrolysis of aqueous solutions, what products can form at the anode?

Oxygen gas
A halogen

what are some examples of halogens

Halogens are a family of chemical elements that includes fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I)

The products of the electrolysis of aqueous solutions are slightly tricky to predict. Why?

the water molecules in the solution split up to give hydrogen (H+) and hydroxide (OH-) ions.

Which reactions happen at which electrode?

Cathode
Reduction reactions i.e. positively charged ions gain electrons.

Anode

Oxidation reactions i.e. negatively charged ions lose electrons.

What region of the pH scale would a substance that forms H+ be on?

Red

What is the name given to a reaction that involves losing oxygen?

Reduction

when do you use reduction and electrolysis in terms of the reactivity series

Metals more reactive than carbon, such as aluminium, are extracted by electrolysis, while metals less reactive than carbon, such as iron, may be extracted by reduction with carbon.

what happens to metals below hydrogen on the reactivity table

they are mostly pure so they're left

The reactivity of a metal is linked to how easy it is for a metal to form its what

positive ion

Reactions of reactive metals with water

metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen

what is the neutralisation equation

alkali + acid → salt + water

Which element is used for extracting metals from their compounds by reduction?

carbon

What are the products of reactions between metals and acids?

Hydrogen gas
A salt

What happens to a substance when it is reduced?

Loses oxygen
Gains electrons

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