Forensic Ballistics (2)
Which type of firearms have no riflings (lands and groves) inside the gun barrel?
Smooth-Bore Firearms
What type of firearm has riflings (lands and grooves) inside the barrel?
Rifled-bore firearms
Give an example of a rifled-bore firearm.
Rifles, Pistols
What type of firearm can propel projectiles that are more than one inch in diameter?
Artillery
What type of firearm can propel projectiles less than one inch in diameter?
Small Arms
Give an example of a small arm.
Handgun, rifle, shotgun
What type of firearm fires only one shot every time it is loaded and must be reloaded after each shot?
Single Shot Firearms
What must be done to reload a single-shot firearm?
The breech needs to be opened to remove the empty cartridge case and to insert a new one for the next firing.
What type of firearm can fire several shots with one loading?
Repeating Arms
In a full automatic firearm, how does it fire?
It fires continuously as long as the trigger is pulled.
In a semi-automatic firearm, how many rounds can be fired with one pull of the trigger?
One round
What is a hand-operated firearm?
A firearm that is operated manually.
What type of firearm is provided with a box or tubular magazine and uses a bolt to reload?
Bolt-Action Type
Describe how the bolt-action type operates after firing a shot.
The bolt is unlocked and pulled to the rear, which extracts the fired cartridge case and ejects it.
What happens after the first shot is fired in an automatic loading firearm?
Automatic loading or chambering of the next cartridge takes place.
What action is required to load a slide-action firearm?
Back-and-forth manipulation of the slide or forend under the forearm of the gun.
What type of firearm uses a linked lever to eject and chamber cartridges by moving the finger lever downward?
Lever Type
The trigger guard of this firearm is hinged at the front end, which is connected with a breech mechanism.
Lever Type
Describe the difference between full automatic and semi-automatic firearms.
Full automatic firearms fire continuously as long as the trigger is pulled, while semi-automatic firearms fire one round per trigger pull and require the trigger to be released before firing again.
Which type of firearm is also known as a 'trombone' and requires back-and-forth manipulation of the slide to load?
Slide Action Type
What is the term used for firearms where the cycle of operation is accomplished manually?
Manually Operated
What type of firearm operation uses the pressure of expanding gases to push the bolt assembly backwards?
Gas Operated
What is the function of the gas cylinder in a gas-operated firearm?
A small portion of the gases produced when the cartridge is fired is diverted into the gas cylinder, pushing a piston forward to operate the bolt assembly.
What type of firearm operation uses the momentum generated by the bullet's movement down the bore to move the barrel and bolt rearward?
Recoil Operated
What type of recoil is it when the breechblock remains locked to the barrel while the pressure inside the chamber is high?
Short Recoil
What happens in long recoil operation that distinguishes it from short recoil?
The bolt and barrel recoil at a greater distance than the length of the unfired cartridge.
What type of firearm operation is characterized by a heavy bolt with no locking or unlocking mechanism?
Blow Back Operated
What is the function of the mechanical delay in delayed blowback operation?
It ensures that the breechblock cannot move backward too quickly.
What is a key characteristic of simple blowback operation?
The breech is totally unlocked, and the operation relies on the mass of the blowback and the strength of the return spring to prevent the cartridge case from coming back during peak pressure.
What type of firearm fires continuously as long as the trigger is pulled?
Automatic
What type of firearm fires one round with each pull of the trigger, and the trigger must be released before another shot can be fired?
Semi-Automatic
What type of firearm fires one round per trigger pull, but the cycle of operation is done manually?
Single
Which type of firearm can be switched between automatic and semi-automatic firing modes using a selector lever?
Selective
What type of weapon is designed to be fired by one hand?
Hand Weapon
What type of weapon is designed to be fired from the shoulder and includes a long barrel and stock?
Shoulder Weapon
What type of weapon is designed to be operated by two or more persons?
Crew-Serve Weapon
What type of firearm has ammunition fed through the muzzle?
Muzzle Fed
What type of firearm is loaded with the use of a clip that holds several rounds of ammunition?
Clip Fed
What type of firearm has a magazine housing well where the magazine is inserted?
Magazine Fed
What is an unusual or miscellaneous type of firearm used for signaling purposes?
Flare Gun
What type of firearm is primarily used for hunting large marine animals?
Harpoon Gun
What type of firearm is capable of shooting more than one shot without manual reloading by a single pull of the trigger and is a primary source of firepower for both ground troops and aircraft?
Machine Gun
Which type of firearm is designed to be operated from the shoulder, uses a fixed metallic cartridge, and fires only a single projectile through a rifled bore with each pull of the trigger?
Rifle
What ancient military shoulder arm features a smooth-bore, muzzle-loading mechanism, and typically fires a single round lead ball?
Musket
Which firearm, often arranged to hold a bayonet at the muzzle end, has a smooth-bore barrel and fires a round lead ball?
Musket
What lightweight, short-barreled firearm has a barrel shorter than 22 inches, is designed to fire a single projectile through a rifled bore, and is more powerful than a pistol?
Carbine
Which carbine was developed during World War II and fires a .30 caliber round, originally issued to paratroopers and engineers?
M1 Carbine
Which variant of the M1 Carbine features a folding stock and was designed for airborne transport by paratroopers?
M1A1 Carbine
What automatic version of the M1 Carbine, used during World War II and the Korean War, is capable of both semi-automatic and fully automatic fire?
M2 Carbine
What is the shortened version of the M14 rifle, which evolved from the M1 Garand and uses a larger 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge?
M14 Carbine
Which type of firearm, designed for long-distance accuracy, features a rifled bore, shoulder stock, and is known for using an explosive energy in a fixed cartridge?
Rifle
Identify the firearm that is muzzle-loaded, has a long forestock, and fires a single round lead ball, often used in ancient military contexts.
Musket
Which type of firearm is a smooth-bore, breech-loading shoulder arm designed to fire a number of pellets in one charge?
Shotgun
What type of shotgun has a uniform diameter throughout the barrel and is best suited for very close-range shooting, producing a wide pattern at 15-25 yards?
Cylinder Bore
Which type of shotgun barrel has a constriction or narrowing at the muzzle end to control the spread of the shot pattern?
Choke Bore
What type of shotgun features a partially rifled barrel to provide gyroscopic stability to projectiles, improving accuracy and reducing shot dispersion?
Paradox Shotgun
What type of firearm features a rotating cylinder that serves as a magazine, successively placing cartridges in position for firing?
Revolver
Which type of revolver requires the hammer to be manually cocked before firing, with the trigger only performing the action of releasing the hammer?
Single Action
In which type of revolver does the cylinder swing out to the side for loading and unloading cartridges?
Swing Out the Cylinder
Which type of revolver performs two actions when the trigger is pulled: cocking and releasing the hammer to fire the gun?
Double Action
Which type of revolver features a mechanism that hinges near the front-bottom of the cylinder, allowing the user to open the firearm for quick loading?
Top Break Frame
What type of short-barrel firearm is designed to fire a single projectile through a rifled bore for every pull of the trigger and is known for its stopping power and improved accuracy?
Pistol
What type of smooth-bore, muzzle-loading weapon is designed for high-angle fire, with a barrel assembled into a single unit?
Mortar
What category of firearms is primarily designed for individual use and includes weapons intended to be fired from the hand or shoulder but are not capable of fully automatic bursts of discharge?
Small Arms
Which category of small arms is intended to be fired from the hand and can include either a pistol or a revolver?
Handgun
What type of handgun features a chamber permanently aligned with the bore and may be self-loading?
Pistol
What category of small arms is a shoulder firearm that discharges bullets through a rifled barrel and can be operated by lever, bolt, or self-loading actions?
Rifle
What type of small arms is designed to fire multiple ball shots or a single projectile through a smooth bore, using the energy from burning gunpowder?
Shotgun
Which class of firearms includes self-loading pistols, rifles, carbines, and submachine guns not exceeding caliber 7.62mm and can have a fully automatic mode?
Class-A Light Weapon
What type of Class-A Light Weapon automatically reloads the chamber with a new round after each shot is fired, such as a Mauser?
Self-loading Pistol
Which Class-A Light Weapon is a versatile, rapid-fire firearm capable of both semi-automatic and fully automatic fire, often exemplified by the M16?
Assault Rifle
What lightweight, hand-held machine gun is designed for individual use, and typically used for short-range rapid fire, as seen in the MP5?
Submachine Gun
Which light weapon is specifically designed to be operated by a single infantryman, either with or without an assistant?
Light Machine Gun
Which class of firearms is designed for use by two or more persons serving as a crew and includes rifles and machine guns exceeding caliber 7.62mm?
Class-B Light Weapons
What type of Class-B Light Weapon is a large-caliber, belt-fed firearm typically mounted on a tripod?
Heavy Machine Gun
Which Class-B Light Weapon is a grenade launcher that can be attached to a rifle, such as the M203?
Handheld Underbarrel Grenade Launcher
What type of weapon, often mounted and capable of firing explosive or gas projectiles, is exemplified by the MK19?
Mounted Grenade Launcher
What Class-B Light Weapon is a portable firearm designed to engage aircraft, such as the ZU-23-2?
Portable Anti-Aircraft Gun
What type of lightweight artillery system, exemplified by the Carl Gustaf (8.4mm), is designed to eject a counter mass to minimize recoil?
Recoilless Rifle
Which portable, shoulder-launched missile system is designed to engage and destroy tanks and other armored targets, such as the Javelin (FGM-148)?
Portable Launcher of Anti-Tank Missile Systems
What type of Class-B Light Weapon, such as the Igla (9K38), is a surface-to-air missile system designed to target low-flying aircraft?
Portable Launcher of Anti-Aircraft Missile Systems
What portable artillery piece, designed to fire explosive projectiles at high, arcing trajectories, has a caliber of less than 100mm and is exemplified by the M224 mortar?
Mortars of a Caliber of Less Than 100mm
Which part of the firearm includes components that directly affect the path of the bullet, such as the rifling and the crown?
Barrel Assembly
What part of a firearm serves as the housing for all the internal parts and mechanisms, including safety mechanisms and the magazine well?
Frame/Receiver/Stock Group
Which part of the firearm includes the chamber of a firearm where the cartridge is located ready for firing.
Cylinder Assembly/Slide Assembly/Magazine Assembly
This includes any part or kit designed and intended for use in converting a semi-automatic burst to a fully automatic firearm.
Major Parts or Components of a Firearm
This refers to the parts of the firearm other than the major parts which are necessary to effect and complete the action of expelling a projectile by way of combustion except those classified as accessories.
Minor Parts of a Firearm
This refers to part of a firearm which may enhance or increase the operational efficiency or accuracy of a firearm but will not constitute any of the major or minor internal parts thereof.
Accessories