bio exam
what is a dichotomous key
a key that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world
how do you use a dichotomous key?
a series of choices must be made
read borh choices and choose a branch
keep picking between two options until you end up at a final destination
how do you make a dichotomous key?
you make questions that divide your pool of organisms in half each time.
ex: male or female
THEN: brown or blond hair
why do scientists classify species?
to keep track of known and unknown organisms
how do we classify species?
by looking at the structural features as a way to classify, also considering the order of taxonomy
what is the correct format of writing out the name of an organism?
the genus name is always capitlized then species is followed (they are italisized)
what are the six kingdoms?
domain
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
what is the difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
prokaryotes do not have a nucleus and do not have well defined organelles
eukaryotes have a nucleus and have well defined membrane-bound organelles
what are the three domains?
eukaryota, bacteria, archaea
what are the 8 characterisrics of animals?
backbone present, levels of organization, number if body layers, movement, symmetry, segmentation, body cavity, reproduction
what are rhe charactweisrics of animal kingdom (eukaruotic)
eukaryotic, no cell walls, multicellular, reproduce sexually, move in one stage of life, produce an embryo
what phylum contaijs the largest number of species?
athropoda
what phylum are humans apart of?
chordata
what arw rhw characteristics of fungi?
eukaryotic
multi-cellular and uni-cellular
release enzymes in the enviornment to absorb nutrients
heterotrophic
sexual and asexual reproduction
what is the reproduction and life cycle of fungi?
ASEXUAL
- yeast cells reprodufe called budding in which a new cell breaks off
- most fungi reproduce asexually by spores which are released by hyphae
- some use fragmentstion in which part of hyphae breaks off
SEXUAL
two parent fungi fuse (conjugation)
what are the charactwrisrics of plant kingdom?
multicellular
eukaryotic
autotrophic
lack mobillity
have cell walls
havw chloroplasts
what are non-vascular plants?
bryophytes
what are vascular plants?
tissues that move materials around a plant
what are seedless plants?
use spores to reproduce
what are rhw two catwgories of plants rhat make seeds
gymnosperms and angiosperms
what are gymnosperms
seeds contained in cones
what are angiosperms?
flowering plants (seeds in fruit)
what are characteristics of monocots?
vascular bundles, usually complex, veins, usually parallel, fibrous root systems, floral parts, usually in multiples of three
characteristics of dicots?
two Kotal, veins usually netlike, vascular bundles usually arrange in a ring, tap root usually present, floral parts, usually and multiples of four or five
what are characteristics of protists?
Eucaryotic, mostly unicellular, but some are multicellular, very small to very large, miscellaneous category of no specific features
what are the three groups produce classify into?
Plant, animal, fungus