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Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
Any of a class of organic chemicals made up of only the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H).
Photosynthesis
The process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar.
Atoms/ Molecules/ Compounds
Atoms= Atoms are the basic building blocks of elements that still have the properties of the element. They are too small to be observed by the naked eye.
Molecules= A molecule is a group of two or more atoms combined chemically and functions as a unit. The simplest molecule that can exist is a diatomic molecule that contains two atoms
Compounds= Compounds contain different types of atoms in fixed proportions.
Nitrogen Cycle (Proteins and N-fixing Bacteria)
Introduction to the Nitrogen Cycle: Imagine a big circle where nitrogen, which is like a special ingredient, moves around to help plants and animals grow big and strong. This circle shows how nitrogen travels from the air to the ground and back again
Energy Resources (Types, Transformations - eg. Thermal)
Energy resources are different ways we get energy to do things. Many types of energy resources help us move and make things work. Some examples of energy resources are:
Thermal Energy: This is the heat energy that comes from hot things like fire or the sun. It can make things warm and cozy.
Electrical Energy: This is the energy that makes our lights turn on and our toys work. It comes from tiny particles called electrons moving around.
Light Energy: Light energy helps us see things around us. It comes from sources like the Sun and light bulbs.
Kinetic Energy: This is the energy that makes things move, like when you run or jump.
Potential Energy: Potential energy is like a hidden power in objects waiting to be used, such as a stretched rubber band ready to snap or a ball at the top of a slide.
Natural Resources (Natural & Synthetic Fibers)
Answer:
Natural Resources:Natural resources are materials that come from the earth and can be used to make various products. Natural fibres are materials that occur in nature, like cotton, which comes from the cotton plant. These fibres are strong, comfortable and break down easily in the environment.
Synthetic fibres: On the other hand, synthetic fibres are made by people using chemicals and processes to create materials like polyester or nylon. These fibres do not break down easily in nature and can have both positive and negative impacts on society.
pH
pH is a scale that tells us how acidic or basic a substance is.
pH Indicators: A pH indicator helps us see if a substance is acidic or basic by changing color.
Some Common pH Values: Different substances have different pH levels. For example, lemon juice is very acidic, while pure water is neutral.
Neutralization: When an acid and a base mix, they neutralize each other to make water.
In simple terms, pH tells us if something is sour like lemon juice or safe like water!