Texts IRGS
Dubois (1952)
Warshaw getto's showed that Jews were being discriminated against, despite having a white skin colour. Religion based. Opened eyes for intersectionality.
Hall (2021[1997])
'Race as a floating signifier'
Race only has meaning in language, because language offers the ability to categories. Race justifies beliefs and actions.
Essed (2002)
Everyday racism. Individual racism cannot be placed outside of institutional racism, because racism is about the expression of group power.
Bonilla-Silva (2015)
Criticizes prejudice approach, it lacks intersectionality. All analysts are affected by their positionality.
Lentin (2018)
Race as a doing, rather than a being.
Racial structures are bound by racial logics that have specific historical origins in European invasion.
Race is a fiction and a force.
Go (2018)
Post-colonial theory
Emphasis on global historical context and structures of race.
The effects of colonialism and imperialism persist.
Nash (2008)
Intersectionality = mutually reinforcing vectors of race, gender, class and sexuality.
4 unresolved questions (other list)
Fausto-Sterling (2000)
Intersex= no clearly definable sex due to having a mix of both genitalia/reproductive organs.
Sex= biological and physiological differences between m/f
gender= social and cultural significance attached to biological difference
Butler (2004)
Two (counter intuitive) reversals
1. Looking at biology through a social lens-> first gender than sex.
2. Through heteronormative lens, pushes into gendered power structures
Gender performativity and performance.
Bhattachayra (2017)
What produces the worker, so the workers labour can produce the wealth within society.
Social reproduction theory= human labour is the heart of reproducing society.
Oyêwùmí (2005)
We think that by looking at a body we know someones position in society. The privilidge of sight.
West & Zimmerman (1987)
Gender as a routine, a situated doing.
Gender as a performed role, identity emerges from interaction between performers and the audience. (Goffman)
Collins & Bilge (2017)
Intersectionality as an analytic tool, to address a range of issues and social problems.
Domains of power: Interpersonal, disciplinary, cultural, structural.
Crenshaw (1997)
Identity politics; according to Crenshaw, the personal is nót the political.
Intersectionality as a methodology, rather than a theory.