anatomy 2
decreases blood glucose levels
insulin
The scientific study of hormones and endocrine organs is known as
endocrineology
Muscles will ________ if they are not used continually.
atrophy
Often called the “master endocrine gland”.
pituitary
Myelinated fibers (tracts) form ________ matter while unmyelinated fibers form ________ matter.
white, grey
The _________ of the eye contains photoreceptors known as rods and cones.
retina
____________ receptors are chemoreceptor which are responsible for our sense of smell.
olfactory
According to the sliding filament theory, how does muscle contraction occur? __________ heads form cross bridges and pull thin filaments, causing them to slide.
myosin
What is released by axon terminals into the synaptic cleft to stimulate a muscle to contract?
neurotransmitter
The brain and spinal cord are protected and cushioned by three connective tissue membranes that are collectively called
meninges
The two main functional subdivisions of the nervous system are: __________ and __________.
sensor, motor
Dynamic equilibrium receptors that detect information about angular or rotational movements of the head are housed in the ________ canals.
semicircular
Support cells in the central nervous system are collectively called ________.
neuroglia
The neurotransmitter used by the nervous system to activate skeletal muscle cells is ____________.
acetylcholine
Striated involuntary muscle tissue is classified as ________ muscle.
smooth
The fibrous covering of the eye consists of the white outer layer known as the ________, and a transparent portion known as the ________.
sclera, cornea
________is released in significant amounts only during childbirth and nursing.
oxytocin
One neuron and all the skeletal muscles it stimulates is known as a ________ unit.
motor
The ___________ and sympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system.
parasympathetic
Which branch of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) mobilizes the body during extreme situations, such as rage or fear?
sympathetic
What organelle wraps and surrounds the myofibril and stores calcium? (HINT: Two words)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
______ nerve endings in skin detect temperature and pain.
free
The thalamus plays a role in regulation of body temperature, metabolism, and water balance (HINT: true or false).
false
Which filament is composed mostly of the protein myosin?
thick
_________ movement is antagonistic to extension.
flexion
Abduction and adduction are antagonistic actions (HINT: true or false.
true
A __________ is the contractile unit between two Z discs.
sarcomere
The primary role of the interneuron (association neuron) is to connect motor and sensory neurons in their pathaway. (true or false)
interneuron
_______discs within skin functions to detect touch and pressure (aka corpuscles).
tactile
_________ions trigger the binding of myosin heads to actin filaments.
calcium