HYPERTHYROIDISM
It has increase release of T3 and T4
HYPERTHYROIDISM
PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERTHYROIDISM
(THE PHG)
Thyroiditis, Hypothyroid medication(levothyroxine), Excess iodine intake, Plumme's Disease, Hypothalamus/pituitary gland, Graves disease
Laboratory of hyperthyroidism
High T3 and T4, low TSH
Manifestation of hyperthyroidism
(D WHHETT)
Diarrhea, Weight loss, Hypertension, Heat intolerance, Exophthalmos(Graves disease), Tachycardia, Tremors
Management for hyperthyroidism
(BART)
Beta blocker, Avoid aspirin(salicylates), Antithyroid hormone: methimazole(tapazole) and propylthiouracil(PTU), Radioactive iodine, Thyroidectomy
Given pre-op of thyroidectomy to prevent bleeding and thyroid storm prevention
LUGOL'S SOLUTION
Surge of T3 and t4
THYROID STORM
Hormone replacement therapy for hypothyroidism
LEVOTHYROXINE
Complication of hyperthyroidism
(HAT)
HYPOCALCEMIA due to damaged or accidental removal of parathyroid gland, ACCIDENTAL LARYNGEAL DAMAGE due to thyroidectomy, THYROID STORM
Pathogenesis of Hypothyroidism
(3H TL)
Hypothalamus/pituitary conditon, Hashimoto's thyroiditist, Hyperthyroidism medication such as methimazole(tapazole), Thyroidectomy, Low iodine intake
Laboratory of hypothyroidism
low T3 and t4, high tsh
Manifestation of hypothyroidism
(HWBC)
Hypotension, Weight gain, Bradycardia, Cold intolerance
Management for hypothyroidism
Hormone replacement therapy: LEVOTHYROXINE
Complication of hypothyroidism
(HAM RAC)
Hypoglycemia due to decrease metabolic rate, ADH WILL BE INCREASED due to hypotension but could lead to HYPONATREMIA, MYXEDEMA COMA: Respiratory depression and Altered mental status, Cretinism:Congenital hypothyroidism
Low iodine intake of mother results, Congenital hypothyroidism
Cretinism
Laboratory of cusgings disease/syndrome
high cortisol
Manifestation of cushings disease
(LILI WHHHy MPTB)
LIPOLYSIS, LIPOGENESIS, WEIGHT GAIN, HIRSUTISM, HYPERGLYCEMIA, HYPERTENSION, MOON FACE, PURPLE STRIAE, TRUNCAL OBESITY, BUFFALO HUMP
MANAGEMENT OF CUSHINGS DISEASE
(PM HAGG)
POTASSIUM LEVEL MONITORING due to hypernatremia, MEDICATION: Metyrapone and Ketoconazole, HYPOPHYSECTOMY, ADRENOLECTOMY:HRT; Hydrocortisone(cortisol),fludrocortisone(aldosterone), GLUCOSE MONITORING, GRADUAL STEROID WITHDRAWAL
MEDICATION OF CUSHINGS DISEASE
METYRAPONE, KETOCONAZOLE
What is the hormone replacement treatment when they had adrenalectomy?
Hydrocortisone(cortisol), Fludrocortisone(aldosterone)
is the surgical removal of adrenal gland
adrenalectomy
complication of cushings disease
(CHOI)
Cardiovascular condition like hypertension, Hyperglycemia, Osteoporosis/fracture, immunosuppression
Buffalo hump also known as
dorsocervical fat pad
Pathogenesis of addisones disease
(CATTHH)
calcium, autoimmune condition, tuberculosis, trauma or hemorrhage in adrenal gland, HIV(human immunodeficiency virus)
diagnostic of addison's disease
low cortisol, low aldosterone
manifestation of addisones disease
(BHHW)
bronze akin due to excess ACTH which can stimulate melanin production, hypotension, hypoglycemia, weight loss
management for addison's disease
hormone replacement therapy: hydrocortisone , fludrocortisone iv hydrocortisone, dextrose 5% and 0.9% normal saline (NACL)/D5NS for Addisonian crisis
complication of addison's disease
Addisonian crisis: dehydration, hypotension,hypoglycemia, hyponatremia:hyperkalemia
(SIADH)
SYNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HOROMONE
diagnostic of SIAD
(HIHG, HIGH, HIGH, MAKING DILUTION)
HIGH ADH, HIGH URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY, HIGH URINE OSMOLALITY, DILUTIONAL HYPONATREMIA
pathogenesis of SIADH
Hypothalamus and/or pituitary gland conditiond, small cell lung carcinoma
MANIFESTATION OF SIADH
weight gain, hypertension
management of SIADH
(DDF HV)
demeclocycline, diuretics, fluid restriction, hypertonic iv solution, vaptans(vasopressin receptor antagonist)
complication of SIADH
(HA)
Hyponatremia may lead to hyperkalemia, altered neurological status
diabetes insipidus pathogenesis
hypothalamus/pituitary gland condition, kidney disease
diagnostic of diabetes insipidus
(low, low low, hypernatremia)
Low ADH, Low urine specific gravity, Low urine osmolality, hypernatremia
manifestation of diabetes insipidus
(PPDH)
polyuria(at least 3 liters per day), polydipsia, dehydration, hypotension
management for diabetes insipidus
desmopressin(vasopressin), dehydration management, hypotonic iv solution
complication of diabetis insipidus
(hah)
hypernatremia may lead to hypokalemia, altered neurological status, hypovolemic shock
surgical removal of the pituitary gland
Hypophysectomy
Antithyroid hormone
methimazole(tapazole), propylthiouracil(PTU)