Bioenergetics (4)
photosynthesis word equation
carbon dioxide+water= (energy:light) glucose+ oxygen
3 uses if glucose
release energy in respiration
make cellulose
convert ti fats& oils- use as storage
aerobic respiration word equation?
glucose + oxygen =(energy) carbon dioxide + water
what type if respiration doesnt require oxygen
anaerobic
equation for anaerobic in animals
glucose=(energy) lactic acid
what kind of reaction is photosynthesis?
endothermic as it requires energy from surroundings (light)
what is glucose made from photosynthesis used for?
- respiration
- making starch/fat to store energy
- making cellulose to strengthen cell walla
- making amino acids for proteins
what are the potential limiting factors of rate of photisynthesis?
- temperature (higher increases rate of photosynthesis until enzymes denature)
- increasing light intensity
- increasing co2 concentration
practical for rate of photosynthesis
- cut pondweed stem and put in an inverted measuring cylinder filled with water (add sodium hydrogen carbonate to provide CO2 )
- measure distance from light source
- measure the volume of oxygen made over time or count bubbles
- repeat at different distances from light source (inverse square law: distance x2 = light intensity divided by 4
what takes place in the mitochondria and why
respiration to provide energy for
- chemical reactions
- warmth
- movement
what cells do not have a mitochondria
red blood cells
what type of respiration does require oxygen
aerobic
what happens to the body during exercise and why
heart and breathing rate increase to increase blood flow to supply more oxygen and glucose to muscles to enable them to contract
what is anaerobic respiration equation
glucose ➡️ lactic acid
when does anaerobic respiration occur and what are the effects
occurs during intense exercise and leads to oxygen debt, then when enough oxygen is back in the body lactic acid is broken back down into glucose by the liver using oxygen
what is the equation for anaerobic resporation in plants
glucose ➡️ ethanol + carbon dioxide
(aka fermentation)
what is metabolism
the sum of all chemical reactions in a cell/organism
what are examples of chemical reactions that take place in cells or organisms
- respiration
- conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose
- fatty acids into lipids (fats)
- breakdown of excess proteins into urea