Hormones
Hypothalamus
regulates the secretion of anterior pituitary hormones
Prolactin PRL
stimulates breast development and milk production
Growth Hormone GH
stimulates the growth of bones and soft tissue. helps to control the metabolism of glucose and fuel molecules
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone TSH
stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones and the growth of the thyroid gland
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ACTH
stilulates the secretion of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone FSH
stimulates egg growth and development and the secretion of sex hormones in females, stimulates sperm production in males
Luetinizing Hormone LH
regulates ovulation in females and the secretion of sex hormones in males
Endorphins
inhibits the perception of pain
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone MSH
promotes the darkening of skin
Antidiuretic Hormone ADH
increase blood bolume and pressure by increasing water reabsorbtion in the kidneys
Oxytocin
promotes uterine contractions; stimulates milk release from the breasts - ONLY positive feedback loop that does not cause death (birth)
Calcitonin
Lowers tge calcium concentration in the bones
Thyroxine + Triiodothyronine
increases the metabolic rate, essential for normal body growth
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
raises tge calcium concentration in the blood; stimulated vitamin D activation
Epinephrine + Norepinephrine
Cobtributes to the body's responses to stress
Aldosterone (Mineralocorticoid)
Helps control the salt-water balance in the body by increasing Na+ reabsorbtion and K+ excretion in the kidneys
Cortisol (Glucocorticoid)
Increases the blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of proteins and fats
Melatonin
Helps to synchronize the body's biological clock with day length; may inhibit gonadotropins and the initiation of puberty
Glucagon
A hormone produced by the alpha cells in the pancreas that raises the blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen in the liver
Insulin
Secreted by beta cells, triggered by a rise in blood glucose levels which it then lowers by inhibiting the breakdown of glycogen into glucose and lowering fatty acid levels.
Adrogens
Oredominantly male sex hormones, including testosterone, which control sexual development and reproduction. Produced by gonads.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
A hormine released by the hypothalamus that controls the release of LH and FSH whcih then control the release and synthesis of sex hormines in the gonads.