DOGMA- GENE EXPRESSIONS
what are the cemplex under transcription initiation
TRANCRIPTION INITIATION, PRE-INITIATION AND OPEN COMPLEX
a strand that contains the code
SENSE STRAND
complementary DNA strands of the sense strand
ANTISENSE STRAND
explain transcription initiation complex
Gene starts with a promoter aka TATA box. Enzyme needed is RNA polymerase II. TATA box cant bind alone so it needs several proteins aka as Transcription Factors. Types are A,B,C,D,E,F,H.
explain pre-initiation complex
TFD will be the first to bind the TATA box because it has TATA box binding protein. Once bound, it will bend the promoter to 80 degrees to help the binding of A and B. A will stabilize D. B will interact with the TBP to recruit RNA polymerase II. F will assist the binding of RNA polymerase II to the promoter.
explain the open complex
E will bind to the pre-initiation complex and helps the binding of H. H will serve as a splitter because it has the ability to use ATP and acts like a helicase that splits the promoter
what facilitates the binding of the complementary RNA nucleotides in the Antisense strand
RNA POLYMERASE II
it removes terminal phosphate of the 5' nucleotide
RNA TRIPHOSPHATASE
it adds guanyl phosphate to the 5'
GUANYLYL TRANSFERASE
it adds methyl group to the gunanine nucleotide
METHYL TRANSFERASE
final structure formed in 5' cap during elongation that protects the pre-mRNA from degradation
METHYLGUANOSINE CAP
it cleaves the pre-mRNA and separates it from RNA polymerase II
CLEAVAGE STIMULATING FACTOR
it attaches to the pre-mRNA and recruits Poly A Polymerase
CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR
it adds adenine residues to give rise to Poly A Tail
POLY A POLYMERASE
it binds to the Poly A to prevent 3' degradation
POLY A BINDING PROTEIN
also known as the coding sequence
EXONS
aka the non-coding sequence
INTRONS
cuts the introns and joins them with the remaining exons to form mature mRNA
SPLICEOSOME