DOGMA- MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF A DNA MOLECULE
enzyme that binds the DNA origin of replication and unzips the DNA to form a replication bubble with replication fork on each side
HELICASE
initial site for DNA synthesis
REPLICATION FORK
attach to each strand, stabilize them and prevent them from going back to its original state
SINGLE STRAND BINDING PROTEIN
relieves the tightening of supercoil and prevent DNA damage
TOPOISOMERASE
enzyme needed to specify the starting point for replication and adds short piece of RNA to serve as a primer
RNA PRIMASE
guides the primase for DNA replication
PRIMER
adds complementary DNA nucleotides in 3-5 direction
DNA POLYMERASE
what strand is where the 3' is at the opening, faster and easier for the DNA polymerase to add nucleotides
LEADING STRAND
what strand is where the 3' is at the inside, making it difficult and slower for the DNA polymerase to add DNA nucleotides
LAGGING STRAND
short DNA segments formed between RNA primers
OKAZAKI FRAGMENTS
DNA polymerase that adds RNA nucleotides using the primer as a guide
ALPHA
DNA polymerase for lagging strand and for proof reading
DELTA
DNA polymerase for leading strand
EPSILON
DNA polymerase for both lead and lag strand
DNA POLYMERASE III
it adds DNA nucleotides to form Okazaki Fragments
DNA POLYMERASE DELTA
cuts short flap
FLAP ENDONUCLEASE 1
cuts long flap
DNA2 ENDONUCLEASE
prevents FEN1 to cut the long flap instantly and guides the DNA2 Endonuclease
REPLICATION PROTEIN A
a glue that binds the Okazaki Fragments together to form a continuous DNA strand
DNA LIGASE
DNA replication has old and new strands, thus known as...
SEMICONSERVATIVE