Exam 4 7.2-7.4
is is Oxidation or Reduction when
the Oxidation number of an element increases
Oxidation
is is Oxidation or Reduction when an element loses electrons
Oxidation
is is Oxidation or Reduction when a half reaction has electrons as products
Oxidation
is is Oxidation or Reduction when the oxidation number of an element decreases
Reduction
is is Oxidation or Reduction when an element gains electrons
Reduction
is is Oxidation or Reduction when a half reaction has electrons as reactants
Reduction
what is any reaction that can be split into two half reactions that include electrons
redox reaction
what is Oxidizing agent
what is reduced or reagent that causes oxidation to occur to something else
what is reducing agent
what is oxidized or the reagent that causes a reduction to occur to something else
what is limiting reactant
substance in chemical reaction that is used up first
whats a mole fraction
is number of molls of a gass devided buy total molls in mixture
whats Daltons law of partial pressure
the total pressure of a mixture of ideal gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases
whats a system in thermo
the material or process within wich we are studying the changes in energy
what are the surroundings in thermo
everything else that is not the system which the system can exchange energy
what is Work
a force acting over a distance
what is heat
heat is the flow of energy caused by a difference in temperature
is energy gaind by a system+ or -
+
what is state function
functon based of intal energy final conditions
what is energy
anything capible of doing work
what is open system
a system that exchanges both matter and energy Ex pot of boiling water on stove
what is a closed system
exchanges energy but not matter Ex a sealed but still hot pot of water
what is an isolated system
exchanges neather matter nor energy Ex a sealed thermos
defin Exothermic
is when heat is being exuded from a system -
define endothermic
is when heat is being absorbed by the system
what specific heat capacity Cs
the amount of heat energy required to raise the temp of substance 1g 1C J/(g×C)
what molar heat capacity
amount of heat energy required to raise the temp of one mole of substance 1C
what is enthalpy
the heat exchanged under conditions of constant pressure
what is enthalpy of reaction
the amount of energy absorbed or relesed during chemical reaction of constant pressure
what is standerd state
1. pure gass at 1 atm pressure.
2. pure solid or liquid in its most stabe form at 1 atm usally 298K
3. substance in solution concentration 1 M
what standard enthalpy change vH
the enthalpy change when all reactants and products are in therestanderd states
what is standard enthalpy of formation
is the enthalpy change for the reaction forming 1 mole of a pure compound from its constituent elements
what oxidation state if element by its self
0
what oxidation state if element in group 1
+1
what oxidation state if element in group 2
+2
what oxidation state if element in halogens
-1 unless with oxygen then +1
what oxidation state if element its H
with metal -1 with nonmetals +1
what oxidation state if element is O
usally +2 unless in H2O2 then -1
what oxidation state if element its F
-1