Popular Culture
When did cinema admissions in Britain reach their highest peak?
1946
What was a notable sign of 'Americanisation' among British youths in the 1940s, according to the notes?
Dressing like American gangsters and actresses
Which demographic group was identified as the typical frequent cinemagoer in Britain during the mid-20th century?
Young, urban, working-class women
What was the primary cause for the significant decline in British cinema attendance from the mid-1950s onwards?
The rise of television ownership
Which organization was primarily responsible for controlling film content and censorship in Britain?
The British Board of Film Censors
During the war years, what was the primary objective of programmes like 'Workers' Playtime'?
To boost morale for factory workers
What significant event in 1973 marked the end of the BBC's radio monopoly and introduced competition?
The 1973 Act
Which of the post-war BBC radio programmes was specifically designed for a highbrow audience interested in classical music and drama?
The Third Programme
By 1939, what percentage of British households had a radio, indicating its widespread adoption?
71%
How did the BBC respond to the rise of pirate radio?
Reorganised and launched Radio 1
What did historians David Cardiff and Paddy Scannell argue about the BBC?
An agent of state control
When was the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) founded?
1927
In what year did the BBC's television monopoly end, allowing independent companies to broadcast?
1955
What were the primary concerns regarding the introduction of commercial television?
Vulgar materialism and Americanisation of British culture
What best describes "pirate radio" in the late 1960s?
Offshore stations playing popular music
In what year did the BBC's monopoly on broadcasting end, allowing 14 independent companies to begin broadcasting?
1955
What was a direct consequence of the 1964 Television Act, following the Pilkington Report?
ITV companies were forced to screen two plays and two current affairs programmes weekly.
By 1960, what percentage of households in Britain owned a television set?
80%
According to the notes, what percentage of their leisure time did men and women spend watching TV?
23%
What were the primary concerns regarding the rise of commercial television in Britain?
Vulgar materialism and Americanisation of culture
What percentage of the public, according to a 1977 poll, believed the police force was honest due to police shows?
75%
Before becoming globally famous in the 1960s, which iconic British band started as a skiffle group called the Quarry Men?
The Beatles
Which television show was noted for dissolving class boundaries through universal viewing and satire?
TWx3, a popular satirical program
Which 1955 film is specifically mentioned as marking the arrival of rock'n'roll?
Black Board Jungle
Which music genre of the early 1970s was characterized by artists like David Bowie and Gary Glitter, known for their distinctive androgynous look?
Glam rock
What kind of society emerged between the 1950s and 1970s, as described in the notes?
More consumerist and liberal society
Which youth style was characterized by an American look, including a white tee-shirt, jeans, and a leather jacket?
Rockers
How did mass media contribute to the 'gulf' between generations?
Widened the gulf in fashion and musical taste
What was a common sentiment among many older generations regarding youth culture during the 1950s and 1960s?
Youth culture was 'out of control'
What was a key factor contributing to teenagers having more money to spend on entertainment and luxuries?
Growth of disposable income
When did the word 'teenager' come into regular use?
After World War II
What trend was observed in youth crime during the 1950s and 1960s?
A slight rise in youth crime
Which mass media medium had a BBC monopoly until 1973?
Radio
What economic factor contributed to changing attitudes by making goods relatively cheaper?
Advances in technology
By 1958, approximately how many juke boxes were available in places for teenagers to 'hang out'?
7,000
What was a key aspect of cinema's influence on changing attitudes, as mentioned in the notes?
Content and censorship
What significant role did pirate radio play in shaping popular forms of youth culture?
Shaped popular forms of youth culture
Which social issue became more liberalized between 1945 and 1970, according to the notes?
Gender issues
What characterized societal attitudes in 1945, according to the notes?
Austerity driven and deeply conservative
Which youth style was associated with Italian-style clothes and Vespas?
Mods
What significant change was observed in arrests for possession of marijuana between 1960 and 1973?
A sharp rise from 235 to 11,000
Which television show, mentioned as a media response to the arrival of the 'teenager', aired in 1959?
Oh Boy
What economic legislative change contributed to changing attitudes?
End of rationing
How did the school leaving age change after World War II, impacting young people?
Rose to 15, giving young people more time to be young
Which music genres were popular among teens listening to Radio Luxembourg, as mentioned in the notes?
Rock'n'roll, skiffle, folk, jazz, and blues
What defines consumerism in the context of changing attitudes, according to the notes?
Wants becoming more important as needs are met
Which BBC show, launched in 1957, specifically appealed to a young audience?
Six-Five Special
Who were two notable fashion figures mentioned in relation to teenage leisure pursuits?
Biba and Mary Quant
Approximately how many coffee bars were opened by Italian immigrants by 1957?
Over 1,000
What social legislative change contributed to changing attitudes, as mentioned in the notes?
End of Retail Price maintenance
Which factor significantly contributed to the rise of the 'teenager' as a distinct social group after World War II?
Growth of disposable income and a higher school leaving age.
What was a key factor that contributed to the changing attitudes and the emergence of a more liberal society between 1945 and 1970?
Advances in technology making consumer goods more affordable.
Which youth subculture from the period was primarily identified by their Italian-style clothing and the use of Vespas?
The Mods, recognized by their distinct Italian fashion and scooters.
Approximately how many jukeboxes were available in coffee bars and milk bars by 1958, providing music for teenagers?
Approximately seven thousand jukeboxes were in use.