Market Integration M3
it occurs when prices among different locations are related goods follow similar patterns over a long period of time
Market Integration
after the second war a substituted and successful league of nations is the establishment of it on october 24 1945
united nations
the first government in sponsored international financial institutions were established in 1994 at the bretton woods new hampspire
world bank
international monetary fund
it's aims to end extreme poverty and promote shared prosperity and sustainable way
world bank
helps in projecting lending establishes structural reforms provide support and technical it also provides international capital like foreign direct investments
world bank
this type of international company exporters and importers with no investments outside their home countries. all the business functions in headquarters remain in the country of origin
international companies
this company have investments and other countries but do not have a coordinated product offering in each country
multinational companies
like a multinational company it has investment in business in the countries in which it chooses to operate it have subsidiaries and it is one where the central headquarters of the business makes the decisions for driving the business and the products are offered in every country
global companies
this company are much more complex organizations that they have invested in foreign operations and have a central corporate facility but give decision making r&d and marketing powers to each individual foreign market
transnational companies
what are the three structural periods of evolution of product production and marketing
investment based period 1950 to 1970
three base period 1970 to 1995
digital globalization 1995 onwards
common attributes of global corporations
an agent of desired economic development
an economic prominence
a very powerful entity that can create a crisis
when was the united nations established
October 24 1945
what was the name of united nations before the second world war
league of nations
what are the two types of international financial institutions
private and intergovernmental
world bank was known before as
international bank for reconstruction and development
this organization facilitate the granting of loans and financial assistance to developing countries
world bank
it works to foster global monetary cooperation secure financial stability facilitate international trade and more it also grants financial assistance and loans to developing countries
international monetary fund
it helps establish institutional bodies to address and reduce poverty like the african regional technical centers or afritacs in 2001 and assist s in creating the conditions for mobilization of private domestic and foreign capital and job generation growth
international monetary fund
these are two are intergovernmental financial institutions that were created to spur social progress and economic growth in order to address and reduce poverty as financial institutions are anchored on the goal of history sustainable development in their respective member countries
asian development bank or adb and african development bank or afdb
what are the financial institutions under the intergovernmental
world bank
international monetary fund
asian development bank and african development bank
under the private financial institutions
citigroup merrill lynch
it is an american multinational investment banking and financial corporation and it is the fourth largest bank in the us
citigroup
these are the financial institutions that help facilitate the functionality of a global economy by lending money to their members states and global corporations
intergovernmental and private
it occurs when prices among different locations are related goods follow similar patterns over a long period of time groups of goods often move proportionally to each other and when this relation is very clear among different markets it is said that the markets are integrated
market integration
he sees that cities and countries were able to extend to reach beyond borders and patterns of trade and technology because of developments in shipping and navigation. this was observable in the development of maritime transport throughout history
harvey 1990
it rose as the new ways of putting order to the economic interrelationships among countries
colonialism and imperialism
it is the policy of a country seeking for extend or retain in authority over other people or territories generally with the aim of economic dominance. equity corporate ownership management subsidiaries and central headquarters which supply and distribute goods and services were established through this
colonialism
it is a policy or ideology of extending the rule or authority of a country over other countries and peoples often by military force or by gaining political and economic control
imperialism
a historian recently observed that a citizen of the empire traveling from britain to the euphrates in the mid second century ce would have found in virtually every town along the journey foods goods landscapes buildings institutions laws entertainment and the sacred elements not the similar to those in his own community
hitchner 2003
who provided the differences among international multinational transnational and global companies
Iwan 2012
what structural period says that the united nations conference and trade and development or unctad defines fdi as funding made to acquire lasting interest in enterprises operating outside the economy of the investor in which their purpose is to gain an effective voice in the management of the enterprise
investment based period
what structural period is during this period global corporations were controlled by producer driven commodities as a result firms were characterized by large amounts of concentrated capital focused on large scale or capital intensive manufacturing
trade based period
this structural period affected the operation of global corporation since technology became integrated in both production and consumption
digital globalization
value streams have integrated their corporate structures to reduce the effects of time and distance in the production and consumption of goods
producer driven
value streams have changed the behavior of corporations in retailing their goods and services via the internet
buyer-driven
who provided the three common attributes of global corporations
Neubauer 2014