STS 4

bio means

life

diversity means

variety

These organisms interact with one another and with non-living things.

biodiversity

is composed of numerous living organisms, from the minute to the largest creatures, and is composed ofseveral species or groups.

biodiversity

THREE COMPONENTS
OF BIODIVERSITY

ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY
GENETIC DIVERSITY
SPECIES DIVERSITY

refers to the variation in the number of species. This involves a
combination of species richness and species evenness in an area.

SPECIES DIVERSITY

refers to the variation in the genes of a species. Genes are
segments of DNA that dictate the traits of an organism.

GENETIC DIVERSITY

a self-contained community of living organisms thatinteract with each other and with their physical environment.

ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY

refers to the variety of biotic communities, habitats, andecosystems

ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY

are the two fundamental sciences that generate information to fully understand the importance of biodiversity for our survival.

Taxonomy and ecology

The twoclassifications of ecosystems are

aquatic ecosystems and terrestrial ecosystems.

Threats to Biodiversity

GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
POLLUTION
INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES
HABITAT DESTRUCTION
OVERPOPULATION
BIODIVERSITY EXPLOITATION

Urbanization,
reconstruction of the areas into a park, agricultural land
development, habitat fragmentation, river damming, deforestation,
and the use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizer can cause
alteration or habitat destruction.

HABITAT DESTRUCTION

is a process where the natural habitat becomes
incapable of supporting its native species

HABITAT DESTRUCTION

is a condition in which there is an unnatural increase in
the concentrations of environmental compounds such as
agricultural waste, sewage, and particulates that cause an
unfavorable environment for the survival of organisms.

pollution

Alien species may infect, compete, eat, or mate with the native species.

lNVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES

include exotic species introduced accidentally or deliberately to a place that is not part of their natural habitat. It can disrupt the native ecosystem of the nativeorganisms.

Invasive alien species

entails the meltdown of icebergs that leads to sea level rise, an increase in the amount of rainfall, too much heat, frequent grass and forest fires, and changes in sea temperature.

GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE

The gradual increase in the world's temperature also threatens biodiversity.

GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE

refers to the unsustainable use or harvesting of natural resources.

BIODIVERSITY EXPIOTATION

poses thegreatest threat to biodiversity.

OVERPOPULATION

is the type that gives rise to new species or larger groups, such as new genera, families, classes, or phyla.

macroevolution

is the evolution between specieslevels,

Microevolution

is how the genetic composition
species changes over time.

Evolution

Evolution may be

microevolution or Macroevolution

Evolution may happen through

artificial selection or natural
selection

individuals vary, and variations could be inherited. The variations may confer advantages on the next generation so that the individuals have better capacity to adapt and survive.

natural selection

the environment determines whichorganisms survive and perpetuate.

natural selection

humans determine which individuals breed, as exemplified by the specific crops that are bred and varieties that come out.

artificial selection

is the dying out ortermination of a species.

Extinction

found in the stratosphere, protects the Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiationfrom the sun.

ozone layer

increases the risks of skin cancer,eye cataracts, and a weak immune system.

Ozone depletion

refers to the thinning of Earth's ozone layer caused by the release of ozone-depleting substancessuch as CFCs.