tech
tollerance and allowance
the amount of error that is allowed for a giveb task
aesthetic
prototype that looks good enough to sell
cleint veiws considered
lots fo attention to deatil suface finish improve it
selection of materials and components
material- aesthetic, function(prototype in differebt material
component- save time money for specific
function- strength test performance, movement elasticity flexability electical thermal, product fits perfect
avalibilty abd cost- dead lines and cost
system and schematic diagrams
used to visually and logical explain the order of events that take place in mechnaucal electrical or electronic system
sy- use blocks to represent different stages of system such as imputs, process, output
sc- how elctrical and elctronic systems connect and opperate using cicuit symbols
orthographic projection
front view- front
side view- side
pan view- top
projection lines are very light
line at a 45•
drawing techinques
oblique- 45• to draw lines that represent the depth of the side and top
isometric- 35• is much more realistic= dimentions more acurate
2 point perspective- gives most relistic view
primary data source
new, frezh, raw data gathered by researcher (interviews, questionares, case studies)
secondary data source
data collected by someone other than primary user (articles, books, data, tables, gov satistics)
ergonomics
study of human interaction with objects
based on scientific study(anatomy, physiology)
try make product appel to wide range of poeple
anthopometrics
studues the measurments of human data relating to distance length height weight
record max and min and average ranges of human measurements helping designers design on dimentions
also inicates the amount of stress is likely to undergo
manufacture spec
blue print detailing different processes and components involved in the products manufacturing
developed reasons given to justify each criterias importance
design breif
A design brief is a document that outlines the core details and expectations of a design project for a brand. This document should be an easy-to-understand plan of how the project will be executed. An effective design brief aligns the company and designer's goals so everyone is satisfied with the final deliverable.
treatments and finishes
wood preservative- prevents fungal, insect, painted on
varnish- protects from moisture, coloured, enhance grain
oil- like varnish, soak not sink on surface
paint- lots of colours
stain- permanent colour, doesnt protect
wax- enhance grain
wood joints
butt- basic not strong, pins or nails
douled- wooden douls glued, stronger
mitre- better looking, weaker
laminating and bonding
soaking in water till soft and blending
bonding strips of material together in layers to create strong struxture
hinges
butt- stabdard, doors windows
flush- not as robust as butt
butterfly- decrotive, cabnett
piano- long butt
concealed- flat packed furniture
tee- outside, sheds gates
nails and pins
clout nail- roofing
panle pin- thin descrete head
round wire nail- for exterior, wude flat head
oval wire nail- interior, small head
tack- sharp short wide head, carpet
veneer
manufacturing board covered in thin layer of natural timber
manufacturibg board
pro- large sheets, stable, no defects, no knots smooth finish, recycled
con- absorbs moisture if not treated
plywood- allyernate layers, outerlayer expenisve, strong
chip board- covered in laminate, compressive strength
thermoforming
when heated can be remoulded, long loose molecules no fixed structure
eg-
polyvinyl chloride- raincoats, pipes, chemicaly resistant, flexible
thermosetting
cant be reformed after set in shape, long chains of molecules that are cross linked, withstabd high temps, good electrical insulator
eg-
epoxy resin- bonds material, waterproof, espensive, heat resistant
textiles
plant based natural fibres-
cotton- clothing,soft absorbent
wool- jumper,soft warm thick
silk- luxury clothing,soft cool warm
synthetic fibres-
polyester- clothing,strong tough
metal types
ferrous- all contain iron, most magnetic, rust when exposted to water
non ferrous- no iron, not magnetic, doesnt rust but can oxidise
alloy- mixture of one pure metal and other element, improve working properties
metal types
ferros- cast iron, pots pans, vice, easily cast,harb but brittle in thin
non ferros- copper, ductile, electrical conductor. aluminuim- cans, ductile, light weight
alloy- stainless steal- cuttlery, hard
brass- plumbing, heavey easy to cast
working properties
strength- withstand force(pressure tension shear)
hardness- absorb energy through schock withought breaking
malleability- deform under compression withought cracking splitting or tearing
ductility- streached out or drawn into thin strands withought snapping
elasticity- return to origional shape after streached
physical properties
absorbency- atract or take on an element usually liquid moisture heat light
density- how compact a material is
fusability- a material converted from heat to a liquid state and combine
electrical conductivity- conduct electricity
thermal conductivity- conduxt heat
hardwood
deciduous (drop leaves in winter) less porous and denser less prone to rotting high demand = illegal felling of trees
oak- furnature, durable high quality
ash- sports equiptment, shock resistant, felxible, tough
mahogany- furniture, durable, high quality
softwood
conferous (green all year) pourous, absorb moisture and rott, stained to look expensive, cheap, sustainable
spruce- furniture, high stiggness to weight
larch- furniture flooring, durable, tough, water resistant
papers
made from natural fibres(straw,flax)
measured in gms
bleed proof- pens, coated to stop bleading, ideas and final design
cartrige- pencil, ink, watercolour
grid- lines drawing guide, science
tracing- copying, translucent, colour pencil
boards
measured in gms
duplex- packing boxes, waxy coating for food, light
corrugated- packing boxes, impact protection, strong light
foil lined- take away container, stiff
foam- architectual models, light, thick, rigid
health and safety
Machinery not left unattended
Clamp work down
Tools stored safely
Gloves, googles, headphones, mask, take off lose items of clothing, tie up hair