Muscular system
Name the muscles of the arm
Wrist felxors and wrist extensors, Pronator teres and supinator, Bicep brachii and triceps brachii
Name the muscles of the shoulder joint
anterior deltoid, medial deltoid, posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, teres major, trapezius
name the abdominal and spine muscles
rectus abdomins, external and nternal obliques, erector spinae group
Name the leg muscles
Quadracep group (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis)
Hamstring group (bicep femoris, semitendonosis, semimembrane)
soleus
gastrocnemius
tibialis anterior
illiopsoas
gluteus maximus, medias, minimus
Name the types of muscle contractions
isometric
isotonic (concentric and eccentic)
State the charicteristics of : slow oxidative muscle fibres
Size - Small
No. of mitochondria - Many
No. of capillaries - Many
Myglobin concentration - High
Glycogen stores - Low
Triglyceride stores - High
PC stores - Low
State the charcteristics of : fast oxidative muscle fibres
Size - Intermediate
No. of mitochondria - many
No. of capillaries - many
Myglobin concentration - high
Glycogen stores - high
Triglyceride stores - low
PC stores - high
State the charcteristics of : fast glycolytic muscle fibres
Size - Large
No. of mitochondria - few
No. of capillaries - few
Myglobin concentration - low
Glycogen stores - high
Triglyceride stores - low
PC stores - highest
What are the long term positives of exercise on the Musc. System
Increased thickness of muscle fibres
Increased strength of contraction and potential neuron size
increased glycogen stores
increase in myglobin
more capillaries
increased tendon strength
What ar the long term negatives of exercise on the Musc. System
Repeated bouts without rest can cause over use injuries
Possible injuries can occur, commonly in the tibialis anterior
tendonitis
What are the short term positives of exercise on the M. system
Increased blood flow
Muscles heat up, allowing more flexibility and can apply more force over a long joint range
Short term negatives of exercise
increased chance of muscle soreness
depleted myoglobin levels and energy stores
lactic acid build up
effects of a warm up on the muscle systems
increased blood flow/O2
increased muscle temperature
increased speed and force of contraction
effects a cooldown on the muscle systems
remove lactic acid
prevents blood pooling
restores O2 levels stored in myoglobin