INTRO, PH AND BUFFERS
a branch of science which deals with the study of the composition and
properties of matter and a. the changes it undergoes
b. the energy accompanying the changes
c. the laws and principles governing such changes
CHEMISTRY
study of elements in the periodic table and an
overview of chemistry in general
GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
study of carbon containing compounds
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
or BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
BIOCHEMISTRY
which means life
BIO
science which deals with the study of the composition and properties of matter
- the study of compounds, chemical changes and reactions occurring in living systems
CHEMISTRY
concerned with the study of macromolecules and their metabolic
activities in the body. It includes the entrance in the human body, digestion, absorption, assimilation,
utilization, integration into the tissues, metabolic degradation and eventually, excretion from the body.
MOLECULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
different biomolecules which comprise the cell
MOLECULAR ANATOMY
dynamic part of biochemistry which includes the
functions and metabolic activities of biomolecules in the cell.
a. Digestion
b. Absorption
c. Assimilation
d. Utilization
e. Integration
f. Metabolic Degradation and Biotransformation
g. Excretion
MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
a process by which a polar compound (contains (+) and (-) ions) is broken apart into its individual
ionic components when placed in an aqueous solution
occurs in the presence of water
Dissociation or Ionization
substances whose water solutions conduct electricity
Electrolytes
completely ionized in H2O solutions
STRONG ELECTROLYTES
incompletely or partially ionized in H2O solution
- a large percent remains unionized
WEAK ELECTROLYTES –
substances whose water solution do not conduct electricity
NON – ELECTROLYTES
When acetic acid is dissolved in water, it dissociates partly into H+ and H3O+ and CH3COO ̅ions as:
IONIZATION OF WEAK ELECTROLYTE
- a reaction which goes to completion
- the products no longer react to form back the reactants
IRREVERSIBLE REACTION
1. Evolution of gas (formation of bubbles)
2. A precipitate is formed
3. Work is one of the products
EVIDENCES OF IRREVERSIBLE REACTION:
a reaction which does not go to completion
- products can react to form back the reactants
REVERSIBLE REACTION
state at which 2 opposing reactions proceed at the same rate
CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
considered as a weak electrolyte. It is amphoteric and amphiprotic in nature.
Water
can react both as an acid and as a base
Amphoteric
a substance that can both accept and donate a proton or H
Amphiprotic
a mixture of a weak electrolyte with its salt
Function: - Resist drastic / great / marked change in pH of a system even upon the addition of
either a Strong Acid (SA) or Strong Base (SB)
BUFFER
mixture of weak acid + salt of weak acid
ACID BUFFER
mixture of WB + salt of WB
BASE BUFFER
anion produced from the dissociation of acid; removal of
hydrogen
Conjugate Base
proton hydrogen donor; formed when it combines with
hydrogen
Conjugate Acid