Week Three- CHD & dysrythmias
Dysrythmia (DRYS)
abnormal heart rythym caused by impulse conduction and formation disorders
DRYS: Disorders of impulse formation
1) Enhanced auotmaticity: cardiac pacemaker cells's rate is abnormally increased
2) Abnormal impulses
DRYS: Impulse conditon Disorders
1) conduction: partial or complete
2) Re-entry: electrical impulse rexcited the same heart tissue
Atrial Fibrillation (AF)
Uncoordinated contractions of heart beat
non identifiable P waves, erratic baseline
Antydysrythmic drugs
1) Na channel blockers ( class A and B): affects phase 0, lidocaine
2)Beta Blockers: affects phase 4
3) K+ channel blocker: phase 3 prolongation
4) Ca channel blocker
ADENOSINE- unclassfied
monitor serum potassium
CHD- Atrial Septal Defect & Ventricular septal defect
ASD
abnormal opening in Interartial septum between left and right atria
Mid systolic murmur
VSD- between ventricles
CHD- PDA & Management
open patent that causes left to right shunting causing volume overload
MANAGEMENT
indomethacin
Porphylactic AB
CHD- Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) & Management
permant heart valve damage caused by STREP infection
AB treatment : vancomyocin, ampillicin
surgical valve replacement
CHD- Myocarditis
inflammation of the heart muscle
Corticosteroids management
CHD- Hypertrophic cardiacmyopathy
impaired systolic contraction that results in en;arged ventricles
MANAGEMENT
arbs
ACE
bb
Heart Failure Managment
cardiac glycoside
Digoxin
DG TOXICITY : causes hyperkalemia, avoid fibre, wt gain monitoring