enzymes
creatinine kinase determination xoupled with pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase
forward- Tanzer Gilvarg
340nm
Crearinine kinase determination thatbis commonlt use in lab and is two to six times faster and has less interferance
Oliver Rosalski pH 6.8
It is a sensitive indicator for AMI and Duchenne type muscular distrophy
Creatine kinase
highest are seen in pernicious anemia, hemolytic anemia and megaloblastic anemia, TTP
Lactate Dehydrogenase
determination of LD using forward reaction with pH of 8.3- 8.9 can also determine ALT since pyruvate reacts with LD as an indicator enzyme
wacker et al
Reverse reaction for LD with 7.1-7.4 pH
Wrobleuski & La Due
Serum Cincentration for LD Isoenzyme
LD-2>1>3>4>5
Co-enzyme for aminotransferase AST and ALT
Pyridoxal phosphate
oxaloacetate reacts with malate dehydrogenase. Optimal pH 7.3-7.8
Karmen method
at what degree does increased in temperature double the reaction rate?
10 degrees
this inhibitor compete for the substrate in the actibe site of the enzyme and form a enzyme inhibitor complex that can be reverse by increasing the substrate
Competitive inhibitor
binds to the enzyme subrate at the site distinct from the active site this irreversible
Non Competitive
This binds to the enzyme-substrate complex preventing the form of a product.
Uncompetitive inhibitor
Facilitate transfer of metabolite associated with lipid transport and the calcification process in osseous tissues
Alkaline Phhosphatase
Inhibition with phenylalanine
inhibits intestinal and placental Isoenzyme
inhibition with levamisol
reduces activity of bone and liver enzyme
Heat fractionation
P-I-L-B
Electrophoresis ALP fractionation
L-B-P-I
highest concentration are seen in bone dse. moderate elevation infectiois mononucleosis and cancer of the bone and slight elevation in vital hepatitis, cirrhosis healing fractures, pegnancy and children growth
Alkaline Phosphatase
this is used a as substrate from Shinowara and Bodansky
Beta-glycerophosphate
substrate used in King armsttrong and gutman
Phenylphosphate
substrate used in Bessy-lowry-block, Bowers, Hudson.
p-Nitrophenylphosphate
Protatic ACP is inhibited by?
and its preferred anticoagulant is?
L-tartrate, citrate buffered to a pH of 6.2-6.6
Prostatic ACP is elevated in cases of ?
Prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic infarction.
Determination used in Acid Phosphatase
Roy is the most specifiic
bodansky
gutman
babson and reed Rietz Builbault
GGT reaction catalyzed of hydrolytic cleavage of peptides to form amino acids or smaller peptides
highest amount of GGT in kidney. and determinatn is by Szasz assay
Hydrolysis of the neurotransmittter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.
Cholinesterase
only used acetylcholine and its primary location synapse of the nerve cell and also known as acethylcholinesterase
True cholinesterase
hydrolyzed variety of choline esters referred to as cholinesterase found in the white matter of nervous system and protects the body hydrolyzing choline esters
Pseudo Cholinesterase
this is important to diagnose and manage ppesticide poisoning or organophosphate pesticide
Cholinesterase
determination of cholinesterase which is sensitive rapid and recomended method
Ellman
Lower prouction of UDPGT and a defect related to transport deficit
Gilberg Disease
Mutation in gene coding for UDPGT produces nonfunctional UDPGT
Crigler Najjjar
noticeable Jaundice on the naked eye when it reach? and kernicterus is certain when?
3mg/dl and 20mg/dl
Removal of conjugated bilirubin aand bile excretion are defective dark stained granules on liver biopsy
DUbin-Johnson
hHypothesized to be due to a reduction in the concentration or activity of intracelluar binding proteins; Liver biopsy. does not show dark pigmented granules
Rotor syndrome
Condition in which tissue scar replaces normal liver tissue common cause is chronic alcoholism, hep C infection
Cirrhosis
attach to 1 or 2 glucoronic acid molecule and reacts directly with the color reagent, water soluble. AKA cholebilirubin/ one minute/ prompt bilirubin
Conjugated Bilirubin
Noncovalently attached to albumin, needs accelerator to react, water insoluble AKA hemobilirubin, slow reacting bilirubin
Unconjugated bilirubin
used ony for neonate during hemoytic anemi, reflected ilght from skin using 2 wave length
Bilirubinometry